Table A9:

Calculation of Risk Reduction Owing to a Decrease in A1C Level

Intervention: CGM + MDI vs. SMBG +
MDI	GOLDa		DIAMONDb
Steps
1. Calculate % change relative to baseline	5.15		10.47
2. Obtain RR of complications from DCCT	Retinopathy: 0.462	Nephropathy: 0.611	Neuropathy: 0.390	CVD: 0.643
3. Calculate RRR from retinopathy (DCCT): RRR = 1 - RR	0.538	0.389	0.610	0.357
4. Calculate RRR change owing to 1% reduction in A1C level (15.9% A1C reduction from DCCT)	0.034	0.024	0.038	0.022
GOLD
5. Calculate RRR for intervention	0.174	0.126	0.197	0.116
6. Calculate RR: RR = 1 - RRR	0.826	0.874	0.803	0.884
DIAMOND
5. Calculate RRR for intervention	0.354	0.256	0.401	0.235
6. Calculate RR: RR = 1 - RRR	0.646	0.744	0.599	0.765
Average RR (GOLD and DIAMOND)	0.736	0.809	0.701	0.825

Abbreviations: A1C, glycated hemoglobin; CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DCCT, Diabetes Control and Complications Trial; MDI, multiple daily injections; SMBG, self-monitoring of blood glucose; RR, relative risk; RRR relative risk reduction.

^aThe GOLD study³¹ was a randomized controlled trial conducted in Sweden with a 26-week duration. The mean age of study participants was 44 years, and the mean duration of diabetes duration was 22 years.

^bThe DIAMOND study²⁴ was randomized controlled trial conducted in the United States with a 24-week duration. The mean age of study participants was 48 years, and the mean duration of diabetes was 19 years.