Table 1.

Review of cases reported

Case	Country	Age/gender	Risk factors	Clinical presentation	Duration	Location	Clinical suspicion	Initial treatment	Final diagnosis	Final treatment	Outcome
Tungsanga et al16	Thailand	57/male	Controlled diabetes mellitus, chronic alcoholism	Chronic low back pain for 1 year and intermittent fever, psoas abscess	1 year	T12/L1	Tubercular spondylodiscitis	Isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide	Drainage from psoas abscess grew Burkholderia pseudomallei	Cotrimoxazole (15 mg/kg/day of trimethoprim) and intravenous ceftazidime (120 mg/kg/day) for 18 days followed by oral cotrimoxazole for 6 months	Cured
Arockiaraj et al17	India	58/male	Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus	Low back pain, discharging sinus, multiple subcutaneous abscesses around 11th and 12th rib.	6 months	L3	Tubercular spondylodiscitis	ATT	Aspirate from local subcutaneous abscess grew B. pseudomallei	Ceftazidime (2 g every 8 hours for 2 weeks) followed by cotrimoxazole
		58/male	Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus	Mid and low backache, psoas abscess, splenic abscess	8 months	D12, L1		ATT	Ultrasound-guided drainage of the abscess send to culture grew B. pseudomallei	Ceftazidime (2 g every 8 hours for 2 weeks) followed by cotrimoxazole
		65/male	Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus	A low backache	7 months	L5, S1	Tuberculosis	ATT	CT-guided biopsy of the lesion was sent to culture that grew B. pseudomallei	Ceftazidime (2 g every 8 hours for 2 weeks) followed by cotrimoxazole
		58/male	Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus	A low backache and swelling in the lower back	2 years	S3	Tuberculosis	ATT	Ultrasound-guided drainage of psoas abscess	Ceftazidime (2 g every 8 hours for 2 weeks) followed by cotrimoxazole
Vidyalakshmi etal12	India	41/male	None	Chronic spondylitis, psoas abscess	6 months		Tuberculosis	ATT	Ultrasound-guided abscess drainage grew B. pseudomallei	Ceftazidime (40 mg/kg) intravenous every 8 hours (14 days) followed by cotrimoxazole (10 mg and 50 mg/kg/day)	cured

ATT, antitubercular treatment.