Table 2.
Clinicopathological and histopathological features according to smoking status
| ALL | Non-Smokera (%)* | Smokerb ((%)* | P value | Odds Ratio (95%CI) | No Progression (%) | Progression (%) | P value | Odds Ratio (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 445 | 139 | 306 | 385 | 60 | ||||
| Size at diagnosis (n=402) | |||||||||
| Median (mm2 (IQRc)) | 160 (50 – 378)) | 160 (65 – 414) | 155 (48 – 360) | .54 | 135 (48 – 324) | 297 (108 – 600) | <.001 | ||
| Site (n=445) | |||||||||
| gingiva | 54 (12) | 18 (13) | 36 (12) | <.001 | 1 | 52 (14) | 2 (1) | <.001 | 1 |
| buccal/vestibule mucosa | 63 (14) | 19 (14) | 44 (14) | 1.16 (0.53 – 2.53) | 58 (15) | 5 (8) | 2.24 (0.42 – 12.1) | ||
| palate/retromolar/trigone | 54 (12) | 9 (6) | 45 (15) | 2.50 (1.01 – 6.23) | 49 (13) | 5 (8) | 2.65 (0.49 – 14.32) | ||
| tongue | 201 (45) | 85 (61) | 116 (38) | 0.68 (0.36 – 1.28) | 157 (41) | 44 (73) | 7.29 (1.71 – 31.11) | ||
| FOMd | 73 (16) | 8 (6) | 65 (21) | 4.06 (1.61 – 10.27) | 69 (18) | 4 (1) | 1.51 (0.27 – 8.55) | ||
| Appearance (n=385) | |||||||||
| Homogenous | 221 (57) | 67 (54) | 154 (59) | .36 | 1 | 199 (60) | 22 (40) | .01 | 1 |
| Non-homogenous | 164 (43) | 57 (46) | 107 (41) | 0.82 (0.53 – 1.26) | 131 (40) | 33 (60) | 2.28 (1.27 – 4.08) | ||
| Marginse (n=343) | |||||||||
| Well-defined | 114 (33) | 34 (30) | 80 (35) | .31 | 1 | 101 (34) | 13 (30) | .66 | 1 |
| Ill-defined | 229 (67) | 81 (70) | 148 (65) | 0.77 (0.48 – 12.6) | 199 (66) | 30 (70) | 1.17 (0.59 – 2.34) | ||
| FVf Results (n=272) | |||||||||
| FV retention | 98 (36) | 30 (32) | 68 (38) | .26 | 1 | 92 (39) | 6 (39) | .01 | 1 |
| FV loss or equivocal | 174 (64) | 65 (68) | 109 (62) | 0.74 (0.44 – 1.26) | 145 (61) | 29 (83) | 3.07 (1.23 – 7.67) | ||
| TBg Results (n=387) | |||||||||
| TB negative | 300 (78) | 90 (73) | 210 (80) | .16 | 1 | 266 (80) | 34 (61) | .001 | 1 |
| TB positive or equivocal | 87 (22) | 33 (27) | 54 (20) | 0.70 (0.43 –1.16) | 65 (20) | 22 (39) | 2.65 (1.45 – 4.83) | ||
| Diagnosis (n=445) | |||||||||
| Mild Dysplasia | 233 (52) | 71 (51) | 162 (53) | .72 | 1 | 213 | 20 | .002 | 1 |
| Moderate Dysplasia | 212 (48) | 68 (49) | 144 (47) | 0.93 (0.62 – 1.39) | 172 | 40 | 2.48 (1.40 – 4.39) | ||
| Length of Follow-up§ | |||||||||
| Median months of follow-up (range) | 55.4 (3.3 – 241.4) | 59.9 (3.3 – 222.7) | 55.1 (3.6 – 241.4) | .51 | 59.9 (12.0 – 241.4) | 32.0 (3.3 – 222.7) | <.001 | ||
*
Column percentage reported
a
Non-smoker was defined as less than 100 cigarettes in life time
b
Smoker was defined as consumption of more than 100 cigarettes in life time
c
IQR = interquartile range
d
FOM = floor of mouth
e
discrete = well-defined; diffuse = ill-defined
f
FV = fluorescence visualization
g
TB = toluidine blue
§
Months to last follow-up or progression, whichever occurred first