Figure 2.

The identified joint components that are not only correlated with miR-132 levels, but also show significant group differences in all modalities. (A) The spatial maps visualized at |Z| > 2, where the positive Z-values (red regions) means healthy control subjects > MDD and the negative Z-values (blue regions) means healthy control subjects < MDD. (B) Boxplot of the loading parameters of IC_ref that were adjusted as healthy control subjects > MDD on the mean of loadings. (C) Loadings of IC_ref and miR-132 levels were negatively correlated (healthy control subjects: red dots, MDD: blue dots); thus MDD correspond to higher miR-132 expression levels and lower loading weights compared to healthy control subjects. (D) Correlation between loadings of IC_ref and CANTAB cognitive domain scores. The higher Rapid Visual Information Processing score (RVP attention test) corresponds to better attention, which is linked with higher fractional anisotropy and fALFF in the identified red regions. Similarly, a higher IED score (Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift, executive function test) is associated with higher grey matter volume in the identified grey matter regions, suggesting better executive function. *Significance passed FDR correction for multiple comparisons. The grey regions in C and D indicate a 95% confidence interval. dMRI = diffusion MRI; FA = fractional anisotropy; fMRI = functional MRI; GM = grey matter; sMRI = structural MRI.