Figure 1.

Schematic representation of DNA methylation. The figure shows a double DNA strand on the top right, with CpG sites which are methylated by the addition of a methyl group (M). DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA). DNA methylation can influence transcription either positively or negatively, depending on the location of the methylated site. After transcription, mRNA is translated into proteins. Adapted with permission from Felix JF et al.⁶⁴