Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the included patients
| Subject ID | Age (years) | Epilepsy duration (years) | MRI lesion | Resection (or ablation) details | Surgical pathology | Follow- up duration (months)a | Outcome | Anatomical location of the epilepto genic zone |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 43 | 37 | FCD, insular/frontal operculum | Anterior insula/frontal operculum | FCD, type 2B | 13 | Seizure-free | Insular/frontal operculum |
| 2 | 29 | 22 | Negative | Temporal-parietal-occipital | FCD, type 1C | 49 | Seizure-free | Occipito-temporal |
| 3 | 33 | 17 | Hippocampal sclerosis | Anterior temporal lobe | Hippocampal sclerosis type 1 | 48 | Seizure-free | Temporal |
| 4 | 17 | 8 | Negative | Laser ablation, superior frontal gyrus | No pathology | 19 | Seizure-free | Frontal |
| 5 | 16 | 1 | Benign neoplasm, posterior parahippocampal gyrus | Posterior parahippocampus gyrus and neoplasm | Low grade glial/glioneuronal neoplasm | 39 | Seizure-free | Basal posterior temporal |
| 6 | 46 | 41 | FCD, mesial frontal | Prefrontal lobe | Non-specific changes | 38 | Seizure-free | Frontal |
| 7 | 5 | 1 | Negative | Superior frontal gyrus, superior frontal sulcus, frontal pole | FCD, type 2B | 21 | Seizure-free | Superior frontal gyrus/superior frontal sulcus |
| 8 | 63 | 14 | Negative | Orbitofrontal | FCD, type 1 | 44 | Seizure-free | Orbitofrontal/pars orbitalis |
| 9 | 33 | 19 | Gliotic postop changes | Anterior temporal lobe | FCD, type 1B | 40 | Seizure-free | Temporal |
| 10 | 21 | 11 | Negative | Occipital lobe | Grey matter heterotopia, FCD type 1B | 12 | Seizure-free | Cuneus |
| 11 | 32 | 27 | FCD, precentral gyrus | Precentral gyrus | Non conclusive | 77 | Seizure-free | Precentral gyrus |
| 12 | 22 | 3 | FCD, superior frontal sulcus | Superior and middle frontal gyri, anterior cingulate | FCD type 2 B | 78 | Seizure-free | Frontal |
| 13 | 19 | 18 | Negative | Middle frontal gyrus | FCD type 1 | 48 | Seizure-free | Inferior frontal sulcus/middle frontal gyrus |
| 14 | 30 | 18 | Negative | Frontal operculum | FCD type 2 B | 47 | Seizure-free | Frontal operculum/subcentral region |
| 15 | 20 | 11 | Negative | Frontal lobe | FCD, type 1 | 82 | Seizure-free | Superior frontal gyrus/superior frontal sulcus |
| 16 | 65 | 25 | Negative | Anterior temporal lobe | FCD, 1C | 39 | Seizure-free | Temporal |
| 17 | 65 | 9 | Negative | Anterior temporal lobe | FCD, 1C | 36 | Seizure-free | Temporal |
aFollow-up information current as of July 2017.
FCD = focal cortical dysplasia.