Figure 1.

Depletion of intracellular calcium stores by thapsigargin does not protect against TGHQ-induced cell death. (A) Cells were incubated with Fluo-4 AM (5 μM) for 30 min at room temperature, then left another 20 min at room temperature. An area of the cells was recorded every 7 s for 5 min during the addition of thapsigargin (5 μM) to determine levels of iCa²⁺. Data represent relative intensity to that at time 0 s. (B) HK-2 cells were pre-treated for 30 min and then co-treated with thapsigargin at various concentrations in the presence or absence of TGHQ 400 μM for 2 h. Cell viability was determined using MTS-based assay. Formazan formation relative to untreated cells (% control) represents cell viability after treatment. Data are mean ± SE; n ≥ 3.