Table 1.
Descriptive analyses of baseline covariates by seroconversion outcomes among Zambian women and men in HIV discordant relationships
| M+F- couples |
F+M- couples |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non- seroconverters (N = 1141) |
Linked transmissions (N = 207) |
HR | 95% CI | P-value | Non- seroconverters (N = 1430) |
Linked transmissions (N = 171) |
HR | 95%CI | P-value | |||
| N (%, SD) | N (%, SD) | N (%, SD) | N (%, SD) | |||||||||
| Age of man (years)a | 35.5 (7.7) | 33.5 (7.5) | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.99 | < 0.001 | 35.4 (8.5) | 33.1 (8.0) | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 0.001 |
| Age of woman (years)a | 28.8 (7.0) | 26.3 (6.3) | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.98 | < 0.001 | 29.0 (6.8) | 27.0 (6.2) | 0.97 | 0.94 | 0.99 | 0.007 |
| Years cohabitinga | 8.3 (6.7) | 6.7 (5.7) | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.99 | 0.002 | 6.0 (6.0) | 4.7 (5.0) | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.98 | 0.002 |
| Monthly household income (USD)b | 62.1 (85.6) | 49.1 (61.6) | 1.00 | 0.997 | 1.001 | 0.35 | 64.2 (84.6) | 50.0 (55.7) | 1.00 | 0.997 | 1.001 | 0.26 |
| Woman reads Nyanja | ||||||||||||
| Yes, easily | 272 (24) | 35 (17) | ref | 379 (27) | 36 (22) | ref | ||||||
| With difficulty/no | 857 (76) | 167 (83) | 1.45 | 1.01 | 2.09 | 0.05 | 1037 (73) | 131 (78) | 1.19 | 0.83 | 1.73 | 0.35 |
| # previous pregnanciea | 3.7 (2.5) | 3.1 (2.1) | 0.90 | 0.85 | 0.96 | 0.001 | 3.2 (2.2) | 3.0 (2.2) | 0.90 | 0.83 | 0.98 | 0.02 |
| HIV stage of positive partner | ||||||||||||
| Stage I | 294 (26) | 49 (24) | 1.06 | 0.73 | 1.52 | 0.77 | 600 (42) | 64 (37) | 0.92 | 0.63 | 1.34 | 0.66 |
| Stage II | 369 (33) | 81 (39) | 1.04 | 0.76 | 1.43 | 0.80 | 398 (28) | 55 (32) | 1.00 | 0.68 | 1.46 | 0.99 |
| Stage III-IV | 467 (41) | 76 (37) | ref | 420 (30) | 52 (30) | ref | ||||||
| VL of positive partner (log10 copies/mla | 4.6 (1.0) | 5.1 (0.7) | 1.66 | 1.36 | 2.04 | < 0.001 | 4.3 (0.9) | 4.8 (0.7) | 1.45 | 1.23 | 1.71 | < 0.001 |
| Circumcised manc | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 89 (8) | 15 (7) | ref | 267 (19) | 12 (7) | ref | ||||||
| No | 1039 (92) | 191 (93) | 1.22 | 0.72 | 2.06 | 0.47 | 1160 (81) | 159 (93) | 2.69 | 1.49 | 4.85 | 0.001 |
| RPR status of man | ||||||||||||
| Positive | 83 (7) | 22 (11) | 1.15 | 0.74 | 1.81 | 0.39 | 95 (7) | 22 (13) | 1.26 | 0.80 | 1.97 | 0.32 |
| Negative | 1057 (93) | 185 (89) | ref | 1333 (93) | 149 (87) | ref | ||||||
| RPR status of woman | ||||||||||||
| Positive | 74 (6) | 16 (8) | 0.93 | 0.56 | 1.56 | 0.79 | 113 (8) | 24 (14) | 1.14 | 0.74 | 1.76 | 0.56 |
| Negative | 1066 (94) | 191 (92) | ref | 1315 (92) | 147 (86) | ref | ||||||
Variables not associated with the outcome (not tabled): contraceptive method at baseline, male literacy, past year history of sexually transmitted infections, number of sexual partners in the last year, HSV-2 serology status of womanor man. P-values are two-tailed from crude (unadjusted) Cox models. Viral load collected beginning in 1999. Counts may not sum to total intervals due to missing data.
USD, United States dollar; ref, reference value; SD, standard deviation.
Indicates a continuous variable, mean and standard deviation reported and HRs are estimated per unit increase.
Indicates a non-normally distributed continuous variable, median and interquartile range reported.
Circumcised at baseline or ever during follow-up.