Table 2.
Included studies
| References | N | ES | %male | Age | Sample type | Assessment | Presentation | Comorbidity | Stressor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blomqvist et al. (2007) | 89 | −0.07 | 70 | 13 | Community | Questionnaire | Yes (HY) | No | Naturalistic |
| Corominas-Roso et al. (2015) | 121 | 0.17 | 56 | 35.51 | Clinical | Multi-method | Yes (IN/C) | No | Laboratory/ST |
| Hirvikoski et al. (2009) | 56 | 0.13 | 68 | 33.32 | Clinical | Multi-method | No | No | Laboratory/cognitive |
| Lackschewitz et al. (2008) | 36 | 0.40 | 44 | 35.97 | Community | Multi-method | No | Depression | Laboratory/ST |
| Lane et al. (2010) | 54 | −0.07 | 56 | 8.48 | Community | History | No | No | Laboratory/SC challenge |
| Maldonado et al. (2009) | 66 | −0.02 | 52 | 6.33 | Community | Multi-method | Yes (IN/HY/C) | No | Laboratory/ST |
| McCarthy et al. (2011) | 368 | −0.06 | 50 | 7.08 | Community | Questionnaire | No | No | Naturalistic |
| Randazzo et al. (2008) | 32 | 0.17 | 51 | 10.78 | Community | Multi-method | No | No | Laboratory/ST |
| Raz and Leykin (2015) | 49 | 0.31 | 29 | 26.62 | Community | Multi-method | No | No | Laboratory/math ability |
| Snoek et al. (2004) | 48 | 0.15 | 81 | 10.07 | Clinical | Interview | No | Anxiety | Laboratory/ST |
| van de Wiel et al. (2004) | 22 | −0.17 | 100 | 10.33 | Clinical | Multi-method | No | ODD/CD | Laboratory/ST |
| van West et al. (2009) | 100 | −0.89 | 83 | 8.64 | Clinical | Multi-method | Yes (IN/C) | No | Laboratory/ST |
ES = Effect size. Sex was coded as percent of the sample that was male. Presentation indicates if the study reported results separately by ADHD presentation. Only four out of the twelve studies did this. HY = hyperactivity–impulsivity. IN = inattention. C = combined. Comorbidity indicates if the study reported inclusion of comorbid disorders in the sample. Only three studies did this. ODD = oppositional defiant disorder. CD = conduct disorder. Stressor indicates the type and general description of stressor used to elicit stress response. ST = social threat. SC = sensory challenge. The two naturalist studies listed involved medical procedures (i.e., dental examination and catheter insertion)