Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants
| Parameters | Plasma (Wnt ligand) cohort | Leukocyte (mRNA) cohort | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCZ (N = 551) | BD (N = 246) | HC (N = 639) | Post hoc analysis | SCZ (N = 338) | BD (N = 241) | HC (N = 263) | Post hoc analysis | |
| Male sex, N (%) | 334 (60.6) | 97 (39.4) | 364 (57.0) | SCZ > HC > BD | 206 (60.9) | 94 (39.0) | 144 (54.8) | SCZ > HC > BD |
| Ethnicity (Cauc. %) | 444 (80.6) | 213 (86.6) | 629 (98.4) | HC > BD > SCZ | 165 (90.7) | 141 (94.6) | 208 (100) | HC > BD > SCZ |
| Medication | ||||||||
| Antipsychotics | 510 (84.6) | 167 (66.0) | — | SCZ > BD | 172 (94.5) | 115 (77.2) | — | SCZ > BD |
| Lithium | 12 (2.0) | 51 (20.2) | — | BD > SCZ | 3 (1.2) | 32 (21.6) | — | BD > SCZ |
| Antidepressants | 179 (31.5) | 95 (38.8) | — | BD > SCZ | 51 (28.0) | 58 (38.9) | — | BD > SCZ |
| Mood stabilizers | 56 (9.3) | 87 (34.4) | — | BD > SCZ | 28 (15.4) | 66 (44.3) | — | BD > SCZ |
| Age (years) | 27 (13) | 29 (18) | 31 (13) | BD, HC > SCZ | 25 (11) | 36 (20) | 36.0 (11) | BD, HC > SCZ |
| DOI (years) | 4 (8) | 4 (10) | — | BD > SCZ | 5 (9) | 5 (13) | — | NS |
| PANSS total score | 62 (22) | 44 (13) | — | SCZ > BD | 64 (24) | 45 (14) | — | SCZ > BD |
| YMRS total score | 3 (9) | 2 (5) | — | SCZ > BD | 5 (8) | 2 (7) | — | SCZ > BD |
| IDS total score | 17 (19) | 17 (16) | — | NS | 19 (17) | 15 (17) | — | NS |
| GAF-S | 40 (15) | 57 (16) | — | BD > SCZ | 39 (10) | 54 (17) | — | BD > SCZ |
| GAF-F | 42 (14) | 51 (19) | — | BD > SCZ | 40 (11) | 50 (17) | — | BD > SCZ |
SCZ schizophrenia, BD bipolar disorder, HC healthy controls, Cauc. Caucasians, NS nonsignificant, DOI duration of illness, PANSS Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, YMRS Young Mania Rating Scale, IDS Inventory of Depressive Symptoms, GAF-S Global Assessment of Functioning-Symptom Scale, GAF-F Global Assessment of Functioning-Function Scale
Categorical data are given as percent in brackets, while continuous data are given as median with interquartile range. Post hoc analysis is performed using Pearson chi-square for categorical data, and Mann–Whitney U-tests for continuous data