Table 2. Opioid Consumption and Prescription by Surgical Service and Insurance Type.
| Characteristic | Postoperative Length of Stay >24 h, No. | No Opioids Within 24 h Prior to Discharge, No. (%) | No Opioids Within 24 h Prior to Discharge and Discharged Without Opioids, No. | Potential Overprescription, No. (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Service | ||||
| Anesthesiology (BMC) | 224 | 136 (60.7) | 133 | 3 (2.2) |
| Cardiac | ||||
| BMC | 297 | 114 (38.4) | 63 | 51 (44.7) |
| LHMC-B | 918 | 430 (46.8) | 181 | 249 (57.9) |
| Cardiac catheterization (LHMC-B) | 995 | 805 (80.9) | 751 | 54 (6.7) |
| Electrophysiology (LHMC-B) | 414 | 360 (87.0) | 336 | 24 (6.7) |
| Gastroenterology | ||||
| BMC | 254 | 161 (63.4) | 147 | 14 (8.7) |
| LHMC-B | 1194 | 879 (73.6) | 794 | 85 (9.7) |
| General | ||||
| BMC | 2627 | 656 (25.0) | 312 | 344 (52.4) |
| LHMC-B | 2061 | 822 (39.9) | 206 | 616 (74.9) |
| Gynecology | ||||
| BMC | 746 | 184 (24.7) | 51 | 133 (72.3) |
| LHMC-B | 279 | 109 (39.1) | 18 | 91 (83.5) |
| Maxillofacial oral (BMC) | 644 | 99 (15.4) | 33 | 66 (66.7) |
| Neurosurgery | ||||
| BMC | 668 | 163 (24.4) | 87 | 76 (46.6) |
| LHMC-B | 689 | 176 (25.5) | 54 | 122 (69.3) |
| Noninvasive cardiology (LHMC-B) | 28 | 19 (67.9) | 17 | 2 (10.5) |
| Obstetrics (BMC) | 1889 | 374 (19.8) | 96 | 278 (74.3) |
| Ophthalmology (BMC) | 29 | 15 (51.7) | 14 | 1 (6.7) |
| Orthopedics | ||||
| BMC | 1540 | 155 (10.1) | 62 | 93 (60.0) |
| LHMC-B | 1431 | 227 (15.9) | 78 | 149 (65.6) |
| Otolaryngology | ||||
| BMC | 602 | 254 (42.2) | 178 | 76 (29.9) |
| LHMC-B | 195 | 68 (34.9) | 13 | 55 (80.9) |
| Pediatrics (BMC) | 91 | 75 (82.4) | 75 | 0 |
| Plastic surgery | ||||
| BMC | 88 | 16 (18.2) | 5 | 11 (68.8) |
| LHMC-B | 124 | 19 (15.3) | 8 | 11 (57.9) |
| Podiatry (BMC) | 221 | 96 (43.4) | 79 | 17 (17.7) |
| Pulmonary (LHMC-B) | 127 | 90 (70.9) | 85 | 5 (5.6) |
| Thoracic (BMC) | 431 | 138 (32.0) | 88 | 50 (36.2) |
| Transplant | ||||
| BMC | 168 | 77 (45.8) | 50 | 27 (35.1) |
| LHMC-B | 324 | 103 (31.8) | 16 | 87 (84.5) |
| Urology | ||||
| BMC | 434 | 115 (26.5) | 61 | 54 (47.0) |
| LHMC-B | 1064 | 399 (37.5) | 73 | 326 (81.7) |
| Vascular | ||||
| BMC | 339 | 105 (31.0) | 68 | 37 (35.2) |
| LHMC-B | 317 | 168 (53.0) | 114 | 54 (32.1) |
| Total | 21 452 | 7607 (35.5) | 4346 | 3261 (42.9) |
| Insurance | ||||
| Automobile insurance | ||||
| BMC | 176 | 30 (17.0) | 9 | 21 (70.0) |
| LHMC-B | 35 | 5 (14.3) | 3 | 2 (40.0) |
| Commercial/private/military | ||||
| BMC | 2405 | 585 (24.3) | 293 | 292 (49.9) |
| LHMC-B | 4790 | 1746 (36.5) | 919 | 827 (47.4) |
| Government-assisted health care | ||||
| BMC | 172 | 34 (19.8) | 15 | 19 (55.9) |
| LHMC-B | 1058 | 634 (59.9) | 392 | 242 (38.2) |
| Medicaid | ||||
| BMC | 6076 | 1509 (24.8) | 839 | 670 (44.4) |
| LHMC-B | 662 | 217 (32.8) | 120 | 97 (44.7) |
| Medicare | ||||
| BMC | 1872 | 656 (35.0) | 400 | 256 (39.0) |
| LHMC-B | 3516 | 2047 (58.2) | 1294 | 753 (36.8) |
| Self-pay, cash, or uninsured | ||||
| BMC | 489 | 116 (23.7) | 45 | 71 (61.2) |
| LHMC-B | 42 | 19 (45.2) | 14 | 5 (26.3) |
| Workers compensation | ||||
| BMC | 102 | 3 (2.9) | 1 | 2 (66.7) |
| LHMC-B | 57 | 6 (10.5) | 2 | 4 (66.7) |
| Total | 21 452 | 7607 (35.5) | 4346 | 3261 (42.9) |
Abbreviations: BMC, Boston Medical Center; LHMC-B, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center–Burlington Campus.