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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 6.
Published in final edited form as: J Data Sci. 2018 Jan;16(1):147–182.

Table 2.

Alternative Model Specification and Fit Statistics

Terms: α0 represents the intercept or grand mean; ui is a spatial random effect; vi is a non-spatial random effect;
Model Components DIC n.eff
 1. Simple random effects, vi α0 + vi 150371.4 2316
 2. Spatial ui and non-Spatial vi, random effects α0 + ui + vi 149966.2 2316
Random time effects
 3. Correlated time effects, φ1t α0 + ui + vi + φ1t 148008.6 1884
 4. Uncorrelated time effects, φ2t α0 + ui + vi + φ2t 148010.3 1886
Full Model
 5. Space time interaction term, ψit α0 + ui + vi + φ2t + ψit 147821.9 2766
Full Model with Covariates
 6. All components and covariates α0 + ui + vi + φ1t + ψit + Xitβ 147181.1 1896

φ1t and φ2t are the temporal random effects, ψit is the space-time interaction term, which is independently and identically distributed, accounting for any residual spatiotemporal variation; and Xitβ represent the matrix of time-varying covariates and the corresponding coefficients.