Table 1.

Implant surface parameters

Powder	Gly	Gly	Gly	Gly	NaB	NaB	NaB	NaB	CaC	CaC	CaC	CaC
Pressure	25	35	45	55	25	35	45	55	25	35	45	55
Area with residual ink (average)	39.74 d	14.98 c	11.21 c	10.72 c	12.98 c	6.76 b	6.52 b	3.80 a	5.50 a	6.30 b	4.68a	4.35 a
SEM score	1	1	1	1	1	1	2	3	2	3	3	4

Note. Powder types are designated as the following: Gly = glycine, NaB = sodium bicarbonate, CaC = calcium carbonate. Residual ink area is the mean of five replicates and is expressed as a percentage of the implant surface. Letters indicate groups that are significantly different, from most effective (a) to least effective (d). SEM = scanning electron microscope.