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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2017 Sep 23;65(3):294–305. doi: 10.1002/bab.1606

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Biosynthesis of paclitaxel precursors and side products. The MEP pathway enzymes include 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), 1-deoxy-D-xylulose reductase (DXR), and isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (IDI). Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) and taxadiene synthase (TS) convert MEP pathway products into endotaxadiene and exotaxadiene. CYP725A4 and cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) convert endotaxadiene and exotaxadiene into taxadiene-5α-ol, which is a paclitaxel precursor. Dashed lines show converison of endotaxadiene into OCT, iso-OCT and other side products, which do not lead to paclitaxel formation.