Table 1.
Characteristics of Participants in the Boston Puerto Rican Osteoporosis Study, by Sex
| Characteristic | Men (n = 258–265) |
Women (n = 666–686) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean SD | 58.2±7.8 | 58.9±7.3 |
| Education, % | 44.9 | 49.0 |
| Less than 8th grade | 44.9 | 49.0 |
| 9th to 12th grade (or GED) | 42.2 | 35.1 |
| Some college or higher | 12.9 | 15.9 |
| Below poverty level, % | 48.5 | 58.8 |
| Ancestry, mean±SD | ||
| European admixture | 56±16 | 57±15 |
| African admixture | 28±16 | 28±15 |
| Native American admixture | 16±7 | 15±6 |
| Physical activity score, mean±SD | 33.0±5.8 | 31.3±4.0 |
| Current smoker, % | 30.0 | 17.2 |
| Alcohol consumption, % | ||
| None within the past year | 54.7 | 70.7 |
| Moderate | 37.5 | 25.5 |
| Heavy | 7.8 | 3.8 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean±SD | 30.1±5.6 | 33.0±6.8 |
| Diabetes, % | 40.7 | 40.6 |
| Heart disease, % | 24.2 | 22.9 |
| Arthritis, % | 44.2 | 68.7 |
| Plasma 25(OH) vitamin D (ng/mL), mean±SD | 18.6±7.0 | 20.1±7.5 |
| HRT use, % | – | 1.9 |
| Serum NTX (nmol BCE), mean±SD | 13.1±6.1 | 13.7±5.9 |
| Serum osteocalcin (ng/mL), mean±SD | 5.4±3.7 | 6.8±4.7 |
| Serum (pg/mL), PTH mean±SD | 51.7±30.6 | 54.4±30.6 |
GED=General Equivalency Diploma; HRT=hormone-replacement therapy.