Table 4.

Buffering effects of RES on the severity of depression according to demographics, symptom severity, and ADLs (N=194)

Variable	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	b	SE	b	SE	b	SE
Elder demographics
Gender	−0.120	1.435	−0.057	0.948	−0.068	0.940
Education	−0.103	1.534	−0.034	1.009	−0.060	1.000
Income source	0.038	1.547	−0.006	1.018	−0.003	0.998
Major caregiver	0.135	1.771	−0.015	1.222	−0.006	1.199
Monthly allowance	−0.107	1.494	−0.011	1.010	−0.012	0.991
Illness
Symptom severity			0.232***	0.126	0.627***	0.370
Daily living activity
ADL			−0.061	0.032	−0.156	0.077
IADL			−0.085	0.077	0.240	0.273
RES			−0.596***	0.018	−0.595***	0.018
Interactions
ADL × RES					0.116	0.001
IADL × RES					−0.355	0.003
Symptom severity × RES					−0.436**	0.004
Model R2	0.088		0.623		0.644
ΔR2	0.088		0.535		0.021
ΔF	3.631**		65.159***		3.633*

Note:

^*p<0.05,

^**p<0.01,

^***p<0.001.

Abbreviations: ADL, activities of daily living; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; RES, resilience; SE, standard error.