Table 1. Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of ET Patients and RBD Subgroups.
| All ET Patients (n=53) | ET-RBD (n=14) | ET-nonRBD (n=39) | p value (ET-RBD vs. ET-nonRBD) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | 73.6 (±11.0) | 70.1 (±15.5) | 74.8 (±8.6) | 0.558 |
| Female sex | 29 (54.7%) | 8 (57.1%) | 21 (53.8%) | 0.832 |
| Age at onset, yrs | 53.7 (±20.3) | 51.8 (±22.6) | 54.4 (±19.8) | 0.693 |
| Onset before 65 yrs | 31 (58.5%) | 8 (57.1%) | 23 (58.9%) | 0.905 |
| Disease duration, yrs | 19.9 (±17.3) | 18.3 (±15.8) | 20.5 (±18.0) | 0.746 |
| Family history | 30 (56.6%) | 7 (50.0%) | 23 (58.9%) | 0.496 |
| Onset of tremor | ||||
| Localization | ||||
| Upper limbs | 48 (90.6%) | 13 (93%) | 35 (89.7%) | 1.0001 |
| Other2 | 5 (9.4%) | 1 (7.1%) | 4 (10.2%) | |
| Symmetry3 | ||||
| Symmetrical onset | 36 (72%) | 12 (92.3%) | 24 (64.9%) | 0.0781 |
| Asymmetrical onset | 14 (28%) | 1 (7.7%) | 13 (35.1%) | |
| On treatment | 41 (77.4%) | 12 (85.7%) | 29 (74.4%) | 0.384 |
| Propanolol | 15 (36.5%) | 6 (50.0%) | 9 (31.0%) | |
| Primidone | 22 (53.6%) | 6 (50.0%) | 16 (55.1%) | |
| Topiramate | 6 (14.6%) | — | 6 (20.7%) | |
| Others4 | 4 (9.7%) | — | ||
| RBDSQ scores (mean±SD) | 3.7 (±2.9) | 8.0 (±2.0) | 2.2 (±1.2) | <0.001 |
| SCOPA-AUT (mean± SD) | ||||
| SCOPA-total | 9.3 (±7.0) | 13.9 (±9.6) | 7.7 (±5.1) | 0.017* |
| Gastrointestinal | 2.4 (±2.5) | 3.9 (±3.5) | 1.8 (±1.8) | 0.067 |
| Urinary | 3.9 (±3.4) | 4.8 (±4.4) | 3.6 (±2.9) | 0.758 |
| Cardiovascular | 1.2 (±1.9) | 1.8 (±2-5) | 0.9 (±1.7) | 0.157 |
| Thermoregulatory | 1.3 (±1.8) | 2.5 (±2.0) | 0.9 (±1.6) | 0.001*** |
| Pupillomotor | 0.6 (±1.0) | 0.0 (±1.3) | 0.4 (±0.9) | 0.137 |
| Comorbidities | 26 | 8 | 18 | 0.480 |
| Hypertension | 20 | 8 | 12 | 0.081 |
| Diabetes | 9 | 1 | 8 | 0.4161 |
| BPH | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0.5571 |
Abbreviations: BPH, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia; ET, Essential Tremor; RBD, Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder; RBDSQ, Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire; SCOPA-AUT, Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease-Autonomic; SD, Standard Deviation.
1
Fisher’s exact t test.
2
Head (n=3), both lower limbs (n=2).
3
For total ET patients n=50, for ET+RBD n=13, for ET no RBD n=37.
4
Gabapentine (n=2), alprazolam (n=1), trihexyphenidyl (n=1).
*
p<0.05;
***
p<0.005