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. 2018 Mar 7;9:988. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03260-6

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Manhattan plots showing the GWAS in QUEBEC-CAVS and TWAS results. a Genetic associations with CAVS observed in 1009 cases and 1017 controls. The y-axis represents P value in −log10 scale. The horizontal blue line indicates a P value of 1 × 10⁻⁵. The magenta dot indicates rs6702619. b Transcriptome-wide association in valve tissue with CAVS. P values for gene expression-CAVS associations are on the y-axis in −log10 scale. The blue horizontal line represents P_TWAS of 0.05. The magenta horizontal line represents the genome-wide significant threshold used in this study (P_TWAS < 0.0001). Annotations for the top significant probes are indicated