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. 2018 Mar;188(3):715–727. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.11.018

Figure 4.

Figure 4

MicroCT analysis of fracture healing. A: Representative three-dimensional microCT images of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and NELL-PEG groups at week 4. B and C: The NELL-PEG injection group has a significantly higher bone mineral density (BMD) and tissue mineral density (TMD) of callus compared with the PBS group. D: The trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) at the fracture site is significantly higher in the NELL-PEG group compared with the control group. E: Total volume of the callus in the NELL-PEG group is substantially higher than in the PBS group. F: Linear measurement on a two-dimensional microCT transaxial view. The top solid line represents the proximal view, and the bottom solid line represents the distal view. Region of interest is represented by the area between two solid lines. The blue compass represents the range, whereas the red line represents the linear measurement of the closest distance from ulna to the tip of fractured radius. G: Quantification of displacement of the fractured bone edges in PBS and NELL-PEG groups. NELL-PEG group shows significantly shorter distance compared with the PBS group when the distance from the fractured bones to the uninjured ulna is measured. Data are expressed as means ± SD (B–E and G). ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01. Scale bar = 1 mm (A).