Table 3.
Frequency, percentage and results of multivariate logistic regression for untreated caries among adults in the U.S., 2011–2014
| Characteristic | With Untreated caries n (weighted percent) | Without untreated caries n (weighted percent) | p-valuea | Odds Ratiob (95% CI) for untreated caries |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| 19 to 45 years | 1594 (29.28) | 3276 (70.72) | < 0.001 | 1.47 (1.13–1.91)* |
| 46 to 64 years | 874 (22.24) | 2162 (77.76) | 1.24 (1.02–1.51)* | |
| 65 years and above | 390 (16.66) | 1377 (83.34) | 1 (ref) | |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| Mexican American | 439 (37.09) | 738 (62.91) | < 0.001 | 0.96 (0.77–1.21) |
| Other Hispanic | 233 (27.92) | 678 (72.08) | 0.72 (0.54–0.95)* | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 992 (20.85) | 2820 (79.15) | 1 (ref) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 875 (39.58) | 1382 (60.42) | 1.61 (1.34–1.95)** | |
| Other race, including multi-racial | 319 (23.06) | 1197 (76.94) | 1.01 (0.81–1.26) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 1511 (27.17) | 3213 (72.83) | < 0.05 | 1.28 (1.06–1.54)* |
| Female | 1347 (22.89) | 3602 (77.11) | 1 (ref) | |
| Family income categories based on FPLc | ||||
| Less than 100% FPL | 916 (43.23) | 1169 (56.77) | < 0.001 | 2.40 (1.89–3.05)** |
| 100–199% FPL | 835 (35.57) | 1401 (64.43) | 2.00 (1.69–2.36)** | |
| 200–399% FPL | 560 (23.22) | 1692 (76.78) | 1.58 (1.29–1.94)** | |
| 400% FPL and above | 320 (11.42) | 2034 (88.58) | 1 (ref) | |
| Marital statusc | ||||
| With a significant other | 1472 (22.03) | 4031 (77.97) | < 0.001 | 0.88 (0.76–1.02) |
| Without a significant other | 1314 (30.13) | 2555 (69.87) | 1 (ref) | |
| Education levelc | ||||
| Not a high school graduate | 851 (44.19) | 1096 (55.81) | < 0.001 | 1 (ref) |
| High school graduate/GED | 754 (33.50) | 1334 (66.50) | 0.80 (0.66–0.97)* | |
| Some college and above | 1246 (18.06) | 4379 (81.94) | 0.48 (0.40–0.56)** | |
| Recent dental visitc | ||||
| Less than one year | 1091 (15.67) | 4497 (84.33) | < 0.001 | 0.43 (0.36–0.50)** |
| More than one year | 1761 (41.12) | 2315 (58.88) | 1 (ref) | |
| Financial barriers | ||||
| Yes | 1026 (54.43) | 866 (45.57) | < 0.001 | 2.84 (2.38–3.39)** |
| No | 1832 (19.45) | 5949 (80.55) | 1 (ref) | |
| Non-financial barriers | ||||
| Yes | 234 (49.94) | 216 (50.06) | < 0.001 | 1.67 (1.23–2.26)* |
| No | 2624 (23.88) | 6599 (76.12) | 1 (ref) | |
The sample size was N = 9673; CI Confidence interval
** p-value < 0.001; * p -value < 0.05
ap-value from Pearson chi-square statistics comparing the percentage of adults with untreated caries and without untreated caries
bOdds ratios were determined by multivariate logistic regression model. The F-adjusted mean residual test for goodness of fit suggests no evidence of lack of fit (p-value = 0.236)
cFamily income categories based on FPL had 746 missing observations; marital status had 301 missing observations; education level had 13 missing observations; recent dental visit had 9 missing observations