Table 1.
Patient Characteristics
| n = 4275 | N = 295,525 | |
|---|---|---|
| Variable | Mean ± SD/Count (%) | Mean ± SD/Count (%) |
| Age | 73.7 ± 9.2 | 71.1 ± 9.8 |
| Race | ||
| White | 3001 (70.2) | 208,702 (70.6) |
| Black | 553 (12.9) | 33,282 (11.3) |
| Hispanic | 324 (7.6) | 23,328 (7.9) |
| Asian | 84 (2.0) | 6144 (2.1) |
| Unknown | 313 (7.3) | 24,069 (8.1) |
| Education level | ||
| Less than 12th grade | 32 (0.7) | 1681 (0.6) |
| High school diploma | 1223 (28.6) | 82,070 (27.8) |
| Less than bachelor degree | 2238 (52.4) | 153,094 (51.8) |
| Bachelor degree plus | 599 (14.0) | 42,997 (14.5) |
| Unknown | 183 (4.3) | 15,683 (5.3) |
| Household income range | ||
| < 50 k | 1544 (36.1) | 93,629 (31.7) |
| 50 k-99 k | 1312 (30.7) | 90,934 (30.8) |
| > 100 k | 837 (19.6) | 70,373 (23.8) |
| Unknown | 582 (13.6) | 40,589 (13.7) |
| Geographic Region* | ||
| New England | 203 (4.7) | 15,488 (5.2) |
| Middle Atlantic | 299 (7.0) | 25,371 (8.6) |
| South Atlantic | 950 (22.2) | 71,420 (24.2) |
| East North Central | 567 (13.3) | 38,633 (13.1) |
| East South Central | 131 (3.1) | 9677 (3.3) |
| West North Central | 448 (10.5) | 27,567 (9.3) |
| West South Central | 421 (9.8) | 27,438 (9.3) |
| Mountain | 441 (10.3) | 27,673 (9.4) |
| Pacific | 628 (14.7) | 35,722 (12.1) |
| Unknown | 187 (4.4) | 16,536 (5.6) |
| Product | ||
| HMO | 2079 (48.6) | 121,353 (41.1) |
| PPO | 547 (12.8) | 39,180 (13.3) |
| Other | 1649 (38.6) | 134,955 (45.7) |
| Unknown | 0 (0.0) | 37 (0.0) |
| Metastatic | ||
| Yes | 3446 (80.6) | 17,802 (6.0) |
| No | 829 (19.4) | 277,723 (94.0) |
SD, standard deviation; k, one thousand dollars; HMO, health maintenance organization; PPO, preferred provider organization; ASO, administrative services only (self-funded health plan)
*States within each geographic region:
• New England: Connecticut, Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont, Massachusetts
• Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania
• South Atlantic: Delaware, Washington D.C., Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia
• East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin
• East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee
• West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota
• West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas
• Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming
• Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington
Study cohort (n = 4275) and all patients with prostate cancer (N = 295,525) over the study period. Baseline characteristics for the study cohort were observed at time of initiation of first-line therapy. Baseline characteristics for the cohort of all patients with prostate cancer were observed at time of first medical claim for prostate cancer during the study period. Patients were classified as metastatic if a medical claim with ICD-9 codes 196.x, 197.x, 198.x, 198.80, 198.81, 198.82, and 198.89 were observed at any point during follow up