Evaluation of colon TGF-β1 levels in TNBS mice receiving adTGF-β1. Mice were challenged with TNBS by intrarectal administration. After 24 h, a PBS enema containing adTGF-β1 was given and allowed to express over a 14-day time-course. (A) Total protein was extracted from colon tissues and an immunoblot assay was performed for total TGF-β1 protein level. (B) Total RNA was extracted from colon tissues and reversely transcribed to complementary DNA. The mRNA levels of TGF-β1 was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (C) Homogenates of colon tissue were prepared and the active TGF-β1 levels were assessed using ELISA. Doses: AdTGF-1, 1×107 pfu; AdTGF-2, 1×108 pfu; AdTGF-3, 1×109 pfu. Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (n=4 per group). *P<0.05 vs. CTL; #P<0.05 vs. TNBS; &P<0.05 vs. TNBS + AdTGF-1; $P<0.05 vs. TNBS + AdTGF-2. CTL, control; TNBS, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid; AdTGF, adenovirus overexpressing transforming growth factor β1.