Fig. 3. Effect of 2-AP on the EMT-inducing transcription factors Snail1, Twist1, and Slug.

a After 24 h, differences in mRNA expression of Snail1, Twist1, and Slug were observed for the following cell treatment groups: control, 5 ng/mL TGF-β1, 5 ng/mL TGF-β1 + 2-AP (0.5 µM), and 5 ng/mL TGF-β1 + 2-AP (1 µM). Experiments were conducted at least in triplicate (n = 3). *P < 0.05: **P < 0.01. b Changes in protein expression of Snail1, Twist1, and Slug were determined by means of western blot analysis in A549 cells treated for 24 h. GAPDH was used as an internal loading control. Data shown are representative of three independent experiments