Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants.
| Subjects for classifier training | Patients with aMCI | Patients with AD | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN | AD | p-value | Total | Non-converters | Converters | p-value | Total | Slow-decliners | Fast-decliners | p-value | |
| N | 869 | 473 | 79 | 53 (67.1) | 26 (32.9) | 27 | 14 (51.9) | 13 (48.1) | |||
| Age, y | 65.4 (9.0) | 73.0 (9.4) | <0.001 | 69.7 (8.8) | 69.1 (9.0) | 70.9 (8.6) | 0.410 | 70.4 (7.6) | 72.0 (6.6) | 68.8 (8.4) | 0.276 |
| Age of onset, y | — | 68.5 (10.7) | — | 67.1 (8.6) | 66.3 (8.6) | 68.5 (8.4) | 0.308 | 67.2 (7.7) | 68.0 (6.9) | 66.4 (8.7) | 0.595 |
| Women | 599 (68.9) | 307 (64.9) | 0.133 | 46 (58.2) | 29 (54.7) | 17 (65.4) | 0.366 | 18 (66.7) | 10 (71.4) | 8 (61.5) | 0.695 |
| Education, y | 11.7 (4.9) | 9.4 (5.3) | <0.001 | 12.1 (4.6) | 12.1 (4.4) | 12.1 (5.0) | 0.971 | 10.3 (5.1) | 9.5 (6.2) | 11.2 (3.6) | 0.392 |
| APOE ε4 present* | 135 (22.8) | 180 (55.6) | <0.001 | 29 (39.2) | 15 (29.4) | 14 (60.9) | 0.010 | 4 (66.7) | 2 (50.0) | 2 (100.0) | 0.467 |
| MMSE | 28.5 (2.0) | 18.2 (5.5) | <0.001 | 26.4 (2.4) | 27.0 (1.9) | 25.4 (3.0) | 0.015 | 21.4 (3.1) | 21.1 (3.0) | 21.7 (3.3) | 0.616 |
| Vascular risk factors | |||||||||||
| DM | 178 (20.5) | 112 (23.7) | 0.174 | 35 (44.3) | 26 (49.1) | 9 (34.6) | 0.225 | 6 (22.2) | 5 (35.7) | 1 (7.7) | 0.165 |
| Hypertension | 260 (29.9) | 206 (43.6) | <0.001 | 31 (39.2) | 21 (39.6) | 10 (38.5) | 0.921 | 14 (51.9) | 8 (57.1) | 6 (46.2) | 0.568 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 238 (27.4) | 90 (19.0) | 0.001 | 25 (31.6) | 19 (35.8) | 6 (23.1) | 0.251 | 6 (22.2) | 3 (21.4) | 3 (23.1) | 1.000 |
| History of IHD | 110 (12.7) | 43 (9.1) | 0.049 | 17 (21.5) | 9 (17.0) | 8 (30.8) | 0.161 | 2 (7.4) | 1 (7.1) | 1 (7.7) | 1.000 |
| History of stroke | 32 (3.7) | 26 (5.5) | 0.118 | 2 (2.5) | 2 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.316 | 1 (3.7) | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | — |
Values are mean (SD) or N (%).
Statistical analyses were performed with Chi-square, Fisher’s exact or Student’s t-tests.
*APOE genotyping was performed in 916 (68.3%) of the 1,342 subjects for classifier training; 74 (93.7%) of the 79 patients with aMCI; and 6 (22.2%) of the 27 patients with AD, respectively.
Abbreviations: N = number; SD = standard deviation; CN = cognitively normal; AD = Alzheimer’s disease; aMCI = amnestic mild cognitive impairment; APOE = apolipoprotein E; MMSE = mini-mental state examination; DM = diabetes mellitus; IHD = ischemic heart disease.