Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator non-benefit vs. ICD benefit by the different risk categories. Occurrence of ICD non-benefit in contrast to the occurrence of appropriate ICD therapy per risk category in the FADES, MADIT, and SHFM-D risk models. The upper panels illustrate the 5-year cumulative incidences of non-benefit of ICD therapy and appropriate ICD therapy for the different risk scores of the FADES, MADIT, and SHFM-D risk models. The lower panels illustrate the relative risk of appropriate ICD therapy vs. ICD non-benefit. FADES, NYHA Functional class, Age, Diabetes, Ejection fraction, and history of Smoking; MADIT, Multicentre Autonomic Defibrillator Implantation Trial; SHFM-D, Seattle Heart Failure Model for Defibrillator recipients.