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. 2016 Aug 18;19(1):4–15. doi: 10.1093/europace/euw141

Table 6.

Definitions for severity and time of occurrence of pericardial effusion

Clinically non-relevant
  • Requiring no intervention

  • Treated pharmacologically

Clinically relevant
  • Treated with therapeutic pericardiocentesis

  • Treated with surgical intervention

  • Requiring blood transfusion

  • Resulting in shock and/or death

LAAO therapy associated with epicardial approach
  • Clinically non-relevant (minor): Requiring no intervention, treated pharmacologically or <500 mL of bloody fluid was aspirated and not requiring blood transfusion or surgical intervention

  • Clinically relevant (major): Aspiration of >500 mL of bloody fluid or an effusion that required blood transfusion or surgical intervention

The presence or placement of pericardial catheter/drain at the end of the procedure should not be considered as clinically relevant effusion
Time of occurrence Intraprocedural—occurred during the index procedure
Acute—up to 48 h from the index procedure
Late—more than 48 h from the index procedure