Table 1. Characteristics of the UMIS in 2014.

Content	UEBMI	NRCMS	URBMI
Year initiated	1998	2003	2007
Main target population [33]	Urban employees (including private sector employees)	Rural residents (household unit)	Urban informal employees, students, children, elderly people without previous employment
Population covered	5.1 million (1998) [34] 283.3 million (2014)	80 million (2004) 736 million (2014)	42.9 million (2007) 314.5 million (2014)
Risk-pooling	At prefecture level	At county level	At prefecture level
Covered cities	333 municipalities	2854 counties	333 municipalities
Enrollment feature	Mandatory	Voluntary	Voluntary
Benefit package	Outpatient and inpatient medical service	Inpatient medical service	Inpatient and catastrophic outpatient medical service
Source of funding [35]	8% of annual payroll (6% from employers and 2% from employees)	Government subsidy and individual premium	Government subsidy and individual premium
Annual premium per capita [36]	383 RMB (1998) 2841 RMB (2014)	30 RMB (2003) 411 RMB (2014)	50 RMB (2007) 409 RMB (2014)
Annual reimbursement ceiling [33]	Six-times average wage of employee in the city	Six-times disposable income of local residents	Six-times income of local farmers
Predominate payment method	Global budget, capitation, diagnosis related groups (DRGs) [37]	Global budget, capitation, DRGs	DRGs, bed per day payment, capitation, global budget [38]
Medical provider	Enrolled hospitals	Enrolled hospitals	Enrolled hospitals

Note: UEBMI: Urban Employee’s Basic Medical Insurance; NRCMS: New Rural Cooperative Medical scheme; URBMI: Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance.