Table 5.

Changes in LSS-positive/negative and RDQ(2)

Changes in LSS symptoms	RDQ score in 2004		RDQ score in 2005
		p-value		p-value
(+)→(+)	8.3 ± 5.9	0.0021	8.3 ± 6.2	<0.0001
(+)→(−)	6.2 ± 5.3		4.2 ± 5.0
(−)→(+)	4.0 ± 4.4	0.0011	4.9 ± 5.4	<0.0001
(−)→(−)	2.5 ± 3.9		2.4 ± 4.1

Notes: Values are presented as mean ± SD. In the LSS-positive group in 2004, the RDQ score of those with LSS-negative in 2005 was statistically lower than those who remained LSS-positive in 2005. Similarly, in the LSS-negative group in 2004, the RDQ score in 2004 was statistically higher in those with LSS-positive in 2005 than in those who remained LSS-negative in 2005.

Abbreviations: LSS, lumbar spinal stenosis; RDQ, Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire; SD, standard deviation.