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. 2018 Mar 7;9(3):386. doi: 10.1038/s41419-018-0414-3

Fig. 5. Rap1 deficiency impairs MSC paracrine action to suppress MLR.

Fig. 5

a WT-MSCs and Rap1−/−-MSCs showed a significant and comparable capacity to inhibit MLR in a coculture setting (n = 3 for each group). b Schematic diagram showing (i) the rest status of MSC-conditioned medium collection process and (ii) active status of MSC-conditioned medium collection process. c Differential concentration of secreted protein in the conditioned medium was determined among different stimulatory conditions (n = 3 for each group). d Conditioned medium from Rap1−/−-MSCs showed inferior capacity to suppress MLR compared with WT-MSCs (n = 3 for each group). e Cytokine profiling showed that Rap1 deficiency resulted in impaired cytokine secretion in MSCs, including proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6), and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; N: non-significance.