Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with treatment episodes of oral fluoroquinolone use and amoxicillin use included in 1:1 propensity score matched study cohort. Data are no (%) of patients unless stated otherwise
| Characteristic | Oral fluoroquinolones (n=360 088)* |
Amoxicillin (n=360 088)† |
Standardised difference (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 162 807 (45) | 162 641 (45) | 0.1 |
| Age (years, mean (standard deviation)) | 67.9 (10.8) | 68.0 (10.4) | 0.5 |
| Region of residence | |||
| Stockholm metropolitan area | 91 831 (26) | 90 777 (25) | 0.7 |
| Rest of mid-Sweden | 66 294 (18) | 66 674 (19) | 0.3 |
| Southern Sweden metropolitan areas | 60 176 (17) | 60 015 (17) | 0.1 |
| Rest of southern Sweden | 112 523 (31) | 113 067 (31) | 0.3 |
| Northern Sweden | 28 825 (8) | 29 122 (8) | 0.3 |
| Missing | 439 (0.1) | 433 (0.1) | 0.0 |
| Medical history | |||
| Acute coronary syndrome | 13 509 (4) | 13 427 (4) | 0.1 |
| Other ischaemic heart disease | 37 249 (10) | 37 077 (10) | 0.2 |
| Heart failure or cardiomyopathy | 18 877 (5) | 19 040 (5) | 0.2 |
| Valve disorders | 9945 (3) | 10 067 (3) | 0.2 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 20 388 (6) | 20 281 (6) | 0.1 |
| Arterial disease | 9023 (3) | 9002 (3) | 0.0 |
| Arrhythmia | 37 073 (10) | 37 005 (10) | 0.1 |
| Cardiac surgery or invasive cardiac procedure in previous year | 17 835 (5) | 17 817 (5) | 0.0 |
| Lung disease | 34 688 (10) | 34 989 (10) | 0.3 |
| Cancer | 38 714 (11) | 38 234 (11) | 0.4 |
| Cancer in previous year | 24 491 (7) | 24 038 (7) | 0.5 |
| Liver disease | 3793 (1) | 3754 (1) | 0.1 |
| Renal disease | 9739 (3) | 9747 (3) | 0.0 |
| Rheumatic disease | 16 880 (5) | 16 967 (5) | 0.1 |
| Psychiatric disorder | 22 069 (6) | 22 155 (6) | 0.1 |
| Prescription drug use in previous year | |||
| Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker | 117 137 (33) | 117 166 (33) | 0.0 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 63 491 (18) | 63 760 (18) | 0.2 |
| Loop diuretic | 50 204 (14) | 50 377 (14) | 0.1 |
| Other diuretic | 51 656 (14) | 51 971 (14) | 0.2 |
| β blocker | 115 070 (32) | 114 998 (32) | 0.0 |
| Digoxin | 8635 (2) | 8794 (2) | 0.3 |
| Nitrates | 32 136 (9) | 32 178 (9) | 0.0 |
| Platelet inhibitor | 94 148 (26) | 94 104 (26) | 0.0 |
| Anticoagulant | 26 473 (7) | 26 730 (7) | 0.3 |
| Lipid lowering drug | 100 573 (28) | 100 584 (28) | 0.0 |
| Oral antidiabetic drug | 30 529 (9) | 30 485 (9) | 0.0 |
| Insulin | 19 422 (5) | 19 308 (5) | 0.1 |
| Antidepressant | 60 234 (17) | 60 524 (17) | 0.2 |
| Antipsychotic | 8185 (2) | 8078 (2) | 0.2 |
| Anxiolytic, hypnotic, or sedative drug | 110 339 (31) | 110 282 (31) | 0.0 |
| β2 agonist inhalant | 42 946 (12) | 43 000 (12) | 0.0 |
| Anticholinergic inhalant | 19 876 (6) | 20 101 (6) | 0.3 |
| Glucocorticoid inhalant | 56 389 (16) | 56 219 (16) | 0.1 |
| Oral glucocorticoid | 55 767 (16) | 55 688 (16) | 0.1 |
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug | 104 860 (29) | 104 913 (29) | 0.0 |
| Opiate | 76 958 (21) | 77 291 (22) | 0.2 |
| Systemic hormone replacement therapy | 64 506 (18) | 64 474 (18) | 0.0 |
| No of drugs used | |||
| 1-2 | 78 004 (22) | 78 221 (22) | 0.1 |
| 3-5 | 114 617 (32) | 114 664 (32) | 0.0 |
| 6-9 | 104 278 (29) | 104 405 (29) | 0.1 |
| ≥10 | 63 189 (18) | 62 798 (18) | 0.3 |
| Non-study antibiotic in previous 120 days | 102 423 (28) | 100 711 (28) | 1.1 |
| Healthcare use | |||
| Hospital admission due to cardiovascular causes in previous year | 16 352 (5) | 16 361 (5) | 0.0 |
| Hospital admission due to non-cardiovascular causes in previous year | 104 353 (29) | 104 121 (29) | 0.1 |
| Outpatient contact due to cardiovascular causes in previous year | 27 862 (8) | 27 880 (8) | 0.0 |
| Outpatient contact due to non-cardiovascular causes in previous year | 191 604 (53) | 191 987 (53) | 0.2 |
| Emergency department visit in previous 30 days | 17 992 (5) | 17 534 (5) | 0.6 |
Baseline characteristics of patients before matching are shown in web table 5.
*
Total no of patients=282 212.
†
Total no of patients=279 337.