Table 3.
Selected outcomes of infants 22–28 weeks’ gestation by antenatal corticosteroid treatment for births from 2006 through 2014
| Complete ANS | Partial ANS | No ANS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/total n (%) | ARR (95% CI)a | n/total n (%) | ARR (95% CI) | n/total n (%) | |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, physiologic, or death by 36 wk’ postmenstrual age | |||||
| 22 wk | 45/48 (93.8) | 0.95 (0.86–1.05) | 27/28 (96.4) | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) | 94/96 (97.9) |
| 23 wk | 437/508 (86.0) | 0.89 (0.84–0.94)b | 282/312 (90.4) | 0.98 (0.93–1.02) | 264/281 (94.0) |
| 24 wk | 1100/1390 (79.1) | 0.95 (0.87–1.03) | 404/499 (81.0) | 1.03 (0.94–1.12) | 166/208 (79.8) |
| 25 wk | 1043/1581 (66.0) | 0.93 (0.84–1.02)c | 374/572 (65.4) | 0.94 (0.84–1.05) | 163/250 (65.2) |
| 26 wk | 835/1483 (56.3) | 0.93 (0.83–1.04)c | 283/495 (57.2) | 0.97 (0.84–1.11) | 144/245 (58.8) |
| 27 wk | 592/1243 (47.6) | 0.86 (0.72–1.02)c | 159/367 (43.3) | 0.84 (0.69–1.03)c | 74/132 (56.1) |
| 28 wk | 330/781 (42.3) | 0.98 (0.75–1.27)c | 85/231 (36.8) | 0.88 (0.64–1.20)c | 35/88 (39.8) |
| Death by 36 wk’ postmenstrual age | |||||
| 22 wk | 31/48 (64.6) | 0.79 (0.61–1.04)c | 19/29 (65.5) | 0.85 (0.64–1.14)c | 78/97 (80.4) |
| 23 wk | 226/509 (44.4) | 0.68 (0.59–0.78)b,c | 156/314 (49.7) | 0.77 (0.67–0.88)b,c | 194/281 (69.0) |
| 24 wk | 441/1409 (31.3) | 0.54 (0.45–0.64)b,c | 170/504 (33.7) | 0.75 (0.60–0.93)b | 99/209 (47.4) |
| 25 wk | 310/1596 (19.4) | 0.66 (0.51–0.85)b,c | 122/576 (21.2) | 0.76 (0.58–0.99)b,c | 68/253 (26.9) |
| 26 wk | 176/1499 (11.7) | 0.55 (0.40–0.76)b,c | 69/499 (13.8) | 0.64 (0.45–0.92)b,c | 47/247 (19.0) |
| 27 wk | 112/1262 (8.9) | 0.60 (0.37–0.98)b,c | 37/372 (9.9) | 0.73 (0.42–1.27)c | 20/130 (15.4) |
| 28 wk | 56/796 (7.0) | 0.82 (0.39–1.74)c | 18/233 (7.7) | 0.75 (0.30–1.87)c | 7/88 (8.0) |
| Death before discharge | |||||
| 22 wk | 32/48 (66.7) | 0.83 (0.64–1.07)c | 19/29 (65.5) | 0.83 (0.63–1.10)c | 79/96 (82.3) |
| 23 wk | 243/505 (48.1) | 0.72 (0.63–0.82)b,c | 164/310 (52.9) | 0.80 (0.70–0.91)b,c | 199/280 (71.1) |
| 24 wk | 480/1406 (34.1) | 0.57 (0.48–0.67)b,c | 184/504 (36.5) | 0.75 (0.61–0.91)b | 105/207 (50.7) |
| 25 wk | 352/1592 (22.1) | 0.75 (0.59–0.95)b,c | 136/574 (23.7) | 0.83 (0.64–1.07)c | 71/253 (28.1) |
| 26 wk | 210/1498 (14.0) | 0.61 (0.45–0.82)b,c | 78/499 (15.6) | 0.67 (0.48–0.94)b,c | 51/247 (20.6) |
| 27 wk | 138/1260 (11.0) | 0.58 (0.38–0.87)b,c | 47/371 (12.7) | 0.70 (0.44–1.13)c | 26/131 (19.8) |
| 28 wk | 74/795 (9.3) | 0.86 (0.44–1.67)c | 26/233 (11.2) | 1.06 (0.49–2.27)c | 9/88 (10.2) |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, physiologic definition | |||||
| 22 wk | 13/16 (81.3) | 0.64 (0.35–1.16) | 8/9 (88.9) | 0.96 (0.82–1.11)c | 15/16 (93.8) |
| 23 wk | 191/261 (73.2) | 0.80 (0.68–0.94)b,c | 114/144 (79.2) | 0.97 (0.83–1.12)c | 64/81 (79.0) |
| 24 wk | 619/907 (68.2) | 1.09 (0.92–1.30)c | 220/315 (69.8) | 1.18 (0.98–1.41) | 59/101 (58.4) |
| 25 wk | 690/1224 (56.4) | 0.96 (0.83–1.12)c | 235/434 (54.1) | 0.95 (0.81–1.12) | 92/179 (51.4) |
| 26 wk | 622/1268 (49.1) | 0.99 (0.85–1.15)c | 206/417 (49.4) | 0.95 (0.80–1.12)c | 93/194 (47.9) |
| 27 wk | 454/1103 (41.2) | 0.94 (0.74–1.19)c | 111/319 (34.8) | 0.87 (0.66–1.15)c | 47/105 (44.8) |
| 28 wk | 258/706 (36.5) | 1.02 (0.74–1.42)c | 59/205 (28.8) | 0.83 (0.56–1.22)c | 26/79 (32.9) |
| Respiratory support at discharge, oxygen | |||||
| 22 wk | 13/16 (81.3) | d | 6/10 (60.0) | 0.52 (0.23–1.18)c | 9/14 (64.3) |
| 23 wk | 150/258 (58.1) | 1.04 (0.78–1.39)c | 82/140 (58.6) | d | 36/77 (46.8) |
| 24 wk | 407/892 (45.6) | 1.26 (0.94–1.69)c | 134/309 (43.4) | 1.17 (0.86–1.60)c | 34/101 (33.7) |
| 25 wk | 434/1196 (36.3) | 1.06 (0.83–1.36)c | 158/431 (36.7) | 1.22 (0.92–1.60)c | 50/179 (27.9) |
| 26 wk | 352/1238 (28.4) | 1.21 (0.90–1.62)c | 124/409 (30.3) | 1.23 (0.90–1.68)c | 44/191 (23.0) |
| 27 wk | 278/1077 (25.8) | 1.39 (0.90–2.13)c | 63/317 (19.9) | 1.22 (0.74–2.03)c | 18/101 (17.8) |
| 28 wk | 144/688 (20.9) | 3.62 (1.38–9.46)c | 38/202 (18.8) | d | 4/77 (5.2) |
ANS, antenatal corticosteroid; ARR, adjusted relative risk; CI, confidence interval.
ARR and 95% CI are estimated with no ANS (not exposed to ANS) group used as referent category-models adjust for birthweight, sex, multiple births, small for gestational age, maternal variables (age, marital status, race, diabetes, rupture of membranes >24 h, antepartum hemorrhage, and mode of delivery), center, and epoch
Significant with P value <.05
Model does not adjust for center-model did not converge with center included
Model did not converge even with center excluded-for respiratory support at discharge (oxygen): unadjusted relative risks (95% CI) for complete ANS at 22 wk: 1.26 (0.80-1.99); for partial ANS at 23 wk: 1.25 (0.95-1.65); and for partial ANS at 28 wk: 3.62 (1.34-9.81).