Fig. 4.

Exposure of TAZ activator TM-25659 promotes osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs in vitro. a Cell viability was determined after ADSCs were cultured with diverse concentrations of TM-25659 (0–50 μM) at 24 h and 48 h, respectively. B Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs was detected and quantified by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay following ADSC culture with osteoinductive medium and TM-25659 at day 7. c, d Increased mineralization in ADSCs cultured in osteoinductive medium and TM-25659 was observed and quantified via Alizarin Red staining at days 7 and 14. Scale bar = 50 μm. e Significantly increased expression of the osteogenic markers runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN) was observed in ADSCs cultured in osteoinductive medium and TM-25659 at days 7 and 14, respectively. Representative images of Western blots from three independent experiments are shown. Data shown here are mean ± SD from three independent experiments; **P < 0.01, by Student’s t test. GAPDH glyeraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, OD optical density