Table 2.

Group differences in cognitive domains.

	HC n = 26	PD-NC n = 12	PD-MCI n = 23	F	p⁎
Attention and working memory	0.32 (0.71)	0.27 (0.44)	− 0.56 (0.82)	4.24	0.019
Memory	0.42 (0.63)	0.24 (0.33)	− 0.87 (0.49)	17.59	< 0.001
Executive functions	0.34 (0.34)	0.40 (0.33)	− 0.83 (0.96)	10.54	< 0.001
Language	0.43 (0.84)	0.24 (0.73)	− 0.76 (0.69)	4.78	0.012
Visuospatial	0.39 (0.26)	0.16 (0.34)	− 0.57 (0.83)	7.94	0.001

Values are expressed in Z scores, mean (standard deviation).

HC = healthy controls; PD-NC = PD patients with normal cognition; PD-MCI = PD patients with mild cognitive impairment.

^⁎Significant differences were found between PD-MCI < HC and PD-MCI < PD-NC.