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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Endocrinol. 2018 Feb 12;237(1):R19–R34. doi: 10.1530/JOE-17-0708

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Thyroid hormone receptor nucleocytoplasmic shuttling pathway. The well-characterized pathway for TRα1 is depicted. TRα1 binds to specific importins in the cytoplasm, as indicated. The TRα1-importin complex passes through a nuclear pore complex (NPC) embedded in the nuclear envelope into the nucleus, where the complex is disassembled and TRα1 binds to target genes. TRα1 exits the nucleus through the NPC in association with specific exportins or calreticulin (CRT)/CRM1. TRβ1 follows a similar nucleocytoplasmic shuttling pathway, but nuclear import is solely mediated by the importin α1/importin β1 complex.