Table 2.
LAMS Study Caregiver and Family Characteristics at Baseline
| Variables | Non-BPSD n=491 |
BPSD n=149 |
Statistic t or χ2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, (M±SD) | 36.66±8.73 | 36.97±6.92 | .880 |
| Medicaid Status, yes, n(%) | 260(53) | 73(49) | .718 |
| Education, Attended High School, n(%) | 484(99) | 145(97) | 1.07 |
| Employed, yes, n(%) | 293(60) | 85(57) | .326 |
| Income, <$20,000, n(%) | 238(49) | 72(48) | .001 |
| Marital Status, Single vs Other, n(%) | 117(24) | 23(15) | 4.71* |
| Maternal Psychopathology | |||
| Total Number of Diagnoses, (M±SD) | 2.56±2.79 | 2.98±3.12 | −1.57 |
| Lifetime Mania, yes, n(%) | 41(9) | 30(22) | 15.58*** |
| Lifetime Depression, yes, n(%) | 256(52) | 66(45) | 6.51* |
| Lifetime ADHD, yes, n(%) | 62(13) | 20(13) | .065 |
| Lifetime Psychosis, yes, n(%) | 29(6) | 12(8) | .879 |
| Number of Anxiety Disorders, (M±SD) | 1.00±1.52 | 1.04±1.55 | −.311 |
| Lifetime Alcohol Dependence, yes, n(%) | 65(13) | 16(11) | .646 |
| Lifetime Drug Dependence, yes, n(%) | 62(13) | 16(11) | .381 |
| Lifetime Conduct Disorder, yes, n(%) | 119(24) | 42(28) | .948 |
| Lifetime Antisocial Personality Disorder, yes, n(%) | 89(18) | 43(29) | 8.04** |
| Caregiver Psychopathology | |||
| GBI Depression, (M±SD) | 31.40±27.27 | 36.14±30.57 | −1.80 |
| GBI Hypomania, (M±SD) | 15.07±14.60 | 17.51±16.67 | −1.72 |
| Caregiver Parenting Stress | |||
| Parent Stress Survey, (M±SD) | 18.31±12.64 | 24.34±14.10 | −4.97*** |
Note. LAMS = Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms; BPSD = Bipolar Spectrum Disorders; ADHD = Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder; GBI = General Behavior Inventory.
*
p<.05;
**
p<.01;
***
p<.001.