Fig. 8.

Disease induced transcriptional repression by the HDAC9–BRG1–MALAT1 complex. a In the healthy aorta, genes responsible for normal aortic homeostasis are transcribed by multiple transcription factors (TF) such as MEF2, Myocardin, and Myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs). b Disease processes activate assembly of the HDAC9–BRG1–MALAT1 complex. The promoters of target genes are silenced through the action of the complex and the acquisition of histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation through polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). c Reduced dosage of MALAT1 and/or HDAC9 causes destabilization of the complex and allows for expression of silenced gene loci and reversal of deleterious phenotypes