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. 2016 Dec 12;17(4):1470320316668435. doi: 10.1177/1470320316668435

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© The Author(s) 2016

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page(https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 4. — Serum amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentration parallels cardiovascular disease development.

NT-proBNP concentration was measured in the sera of healthy (n=45) individuals and hypertensive patients without signs of heart failure (n=239), hypertensive patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, n=102), hypertensive patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF, n=47) and patients with HFrEF without hypertension (n=39). NT-proBNP concentration is expressed as pmol/l. Bars represent the mean and SEM. Statistical significance was tested by the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test among the groups. Asterisks show statistical difference from the healthy and hash tags show statistical difference from the hypertensive group. There is no statistical difference between values for HFrEF patients with or without hypertension, which is shown by NS.