Table 1.
Characteristics of the iDSS subsample used for the correlation analyses (total WMH volume ≥ 13.5 ml). Numbers are given as mean ± standard deviation [range] (deviant sample size).
| Characteristic | Non-neurodegenerative (n =5) | AD (n = 3) | CVD (n = 18) | MD (n = 24) | Other neurodegenerative than AD (n = 2) | all (n = 52) | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age [years] | 84.60 ± 4.34 | 76.67 ± 0.58 | 81.78 ± 5.84 | 83.33 ± 4.79 | 81.00 ± 2.83 | 82.44 ± 5.14 | .349 |
| Sex [females] | 4 / 80.0 % | 0 / 0.0 % | 11 / 61.1 % | 16 / 66.7 % | 2 / 100.0 % | 33 / 63.5 % | .121 |
| Education [years] | 10.20 ± 2.28 | 17.00 ± 1.00 | 12.69 ± 4.20 | 12.29 ± 3.41 | 9.50 ± 2.12 | 12.39 ± 3.71 | .733 |
| CERAD-plus [z-scores] | |||||||
| Animals | −0.56 ± 1.03 | −2.37 ± 0.85 | −1.62 ± 0.83 | −1.70 ± 0.95 | −1.95 ± 1.91 | −1.61 ± 0.98 | .783 |
| Boston | −0.08 ± 1.82 | −0.37 ± 1.50 | −0.56 ± 1.14 | −0.31 ± 1.28 (n = 23) | −0.95 ± 0.21 | −0.40 ± 1.25 (n = 51) | .516 |
| MMSE | −2.94 ± 2.33 | −3.43 ± 1.98 | −3.06 ± 1.78 | −3.95 ± 1.40 | −3.50 ± 1.27 | −3.50 ± 1.66 | .075 |
| Learning word list | −1.70 ± 1.02 | −2.57 ± 2.22 | −2.36 ± 1.00 | −2.44 ± 1.56 | −2.35 ± 2.33 | −2.35 ± 1.36 | .840 |
| Copy figures | −1.42 ± 0.89 | −1.10 ± 1.66 | −1.10 ± 1.29 | −1.57 ± 1.21 (n = 23) | −1.85 ± 0.71 | −1.38 ± 1.20 (n = 51) | .234 |
| Recall word list | −1.86 ± 0.82 | −2.23 ± 1.44 | −1.68 ± 1.06 | −2.26 ± 1.19 (n = 23) | −1.65 ± 1.20 | −1.99 ± 1.12 (n = 51) | .116 |
| Word list intrusions | −1.24 ± 0.43 | −0.43 ± 1.12 | −0.95 ± 1.55 | −1.17 ± 1.23 | −0.40 ± 1.98 | −1.03 ± 1.30 | .617 |
| Recognition word list | −1.14 ± 1.13 | 0.00 ± 1.73 | −0.86 ± 1.60 | −0.90 ± 1.52 (n = 23) | −2.00 ± 0.14 | −0.90 ± 1.49 (n = 51) | .937 |
| Recall figures | −1.24 ± 1.09 | −1.03 ± 1.63 | −1.74 ± 0.96 | −2.00 ± 0.92 (n = 23) | −1.90 ± 1.27 | −1.78 ± 1.00 (n = 51) | .375 |
| TMT-A | −1.38 ± 1.11 (n = 4) | −3.25 ± 0.21 (n = 2) | −1.23 ± 0.86 (n = 16) | −1.69 ± 0.80 (n = 17) | −1.15 ± 1.48 | −1.53 ± 0.94 (n = 41) | .119 |
| TMT-B | −1.40 ± 0.71 (n = 2) | −1.80 (n = 1) | −1.24 ± 1.29 (n = 5) | −1.65 ± 0.79 (n = 4) | −1.30 (n = 1) | −1.44 ± 0.89 (n = 13) | .596 |
| S-word list | −0.26 ± 1.53 | −1.80 ± 1.81 | −1.39 ± 1.15 | −1.41 ± 0.99 (n = 23) | −1.75 ± 0.35 | −1.33 ± 1.16 (n = 51) | .953 |
| WMH | |||||||
| Total volume [ml] | 18.52 ± 2.65 [14.61–21.58] | 22.02 ± 5.04 [16.47–26.31] | 41.07 ± 17.73 [13.97–74.92] | 35.40 ± 15.45 [14.87–72.98] | 18.57 ± 1.11 [17.79–19.36] | 34.32 ± 16.55 [13.97–74.92] | .276 |
| COSU | 13.28 ± 5.27 [8.13–21.88] | 18.96 ± 5.86 [14.13–25.48] | 12.25 ± 2.58 [7.73–19.90] | 13.55 ± 4.05 [6.69–26.44] | 7.97 ± 1.81 [6.69–9.25] | 13.17 ± 4.08 [6.69–26.44] | .241 |
AD Alzheimer’sdisease, COSU confluency sum score, CVD cerebrovascular disease, MD mixed etiology, MMSE mini-mental state examination, TMT trail making test, WMH white matter hyperintensities
*
t-test comparison of numerical characteristics (all except sex) between ‘CVD’ and ‘MD’. The chi square test was used to compare the distribution of sex between these two groups. The other three diagnostic groups (‘non-neurodegenerative’, ‘AD’, ‘other neurodegenerative than AD’) were not included in the comparisons because of their small sample size.