Table 2. daf-19-dependent target genes.

		Mutant/WT fold-change
C. elegans Gene IDs	Gene function	3Xa	L1	Adult	Cilia database	Expression pattern in wild-type worms	Expression pattern in daf-19(null) worms
asic-2 T28F4.2 191981_at	Predicted sodium channel	0.76	0.54	0.65	Yes	IL2 neurons, two fainter OLs	Two faint OLs
spg-20 F57B10.9 185820_at	Orthologous to SPARTIN	1.09	1.24	1.58	Yes	IL2 neurons, most neurons posterior of nerve ring, body wall muscle	Most neurons posterior of nerve ring, body wall muscle
ddn-1 B0507.10 180569_at	Unknown	1.17	0.29	1.02	No	IL2, ASG, URX (rarer), AFD (faint), ASI (faint), ASE, I5, M5, intestine, muscle	ASE, I5, M5, intestine, some muscle
eppl-1 T01B11.2 190153_s_at	Transaminase activity	0.89	0.62	1.16	Yes	ASG, ASE, one tail neuron (PQR), pharynx, intestine, hypodermis	Tail neuron (PQR), pharynx, intestine, hypodermis
del-4 T28B8.5 190395_at	Predicted sodium channel	1.14	0.40	1.33	Yes	ASE, AIY, ASG (fainter), AIA, PHA, PQR (up to three neurons in tail)	AIA, ASG, up to three per head neurons in L1; 0–Two head neurons in adults, up to four tail neurons at all ages
mapk-15 C05D10.2 none	Mitogen-activated protein kinase	N/A	N/A	N/A	No	IL2, OLQ, CEPD/V, ASK, AFD, ADF, ADL, ASG, ASI, ASH, ASE, ADE, PHA, PHB, PQR	OLQ, CEPD/V, ASK, AFD, ADF, ADL, ASG, ASI, ASH, ASE, ADE, PQR
ddn-2 F35C5.11 184057_at	TGF-B activated receptor	0.17	0.20	0.65	Yes	ILs, two/three amphids, intestine	Two/three amphids, Intestine
xbx-9 C15C8.1 179348_at	unknown	0.44	0.35	0.82	Yesa	3 CSNs, ADF	ADF
skr-12 C52D10.6 189189_s_at	Homolog of SKp1, ubiquitin-ligase complex	2.11	0.96	0.55	No	ASI, ASK (rarer), intestine and pharynx	IL1s, OLQs (rarer), AFD, ADF, ASG, ASE, ASI, ASK, intestine, parts of pharynx
gakh-1 F46G11.3 192321_s_at	Cyclin G-associated kinase	0.47	0.67	0.45	Yesa	AIY (v. rarely), RIF, two–four tail neurons in adults. L3 have up to six GFP+ head neurons.	URA, URB, IL2 (larvae only), BAG (<L4), AVA (rarer), AVB, SIAD/V, AIN (rarer), M4 (rarer), AIY, RIF, 2–4 tail neurons
rgs-8.1 F52D2.2 189970_s_at	Regulator of G protein signaling	0.66	0.85	0.34	Yes	PVT, faint intestine	RID, I2, 1 DV neuron, PVQ, PQRL/R, faint intestine
mapk-15 C05D10.2 none	Mitogen-activated protein kinase	N/A	N/A	N/A	No	Much less robust in IL1	IL1

Summary of target gene expression. Characteristics and observed expression patterns of daf-19 target genes are summarized. Gene functions were obtained from WormBase WS258. Fold-change is mutant versus wild-type expression (Phirke et al. 2011). Identification as a ciliary gene in Cilia database v. 3 (Arnaiz et al. 2014) is indicated. Expression patterns are summarized from at least 30 worms per strain equally divided by L1/L2, L3, L4, and adult life stages, except gakh-1 and del-4, where N = 130 and 45, respectively. Genetic backgrounds were daf-19-12(sa204) with a daf-19 null background [daf-19(m86)], or daf-19(+/+), where some age-dependent differences in expression were noted. Sites of differential expression (fold-change differences ≥ 1.5-fold) are highlighted in bold.

^aPhirke et al. (2011) only.