Table 5.

Clinical studies of stem cell therapy for pulmonary hypertension.

	Pathology	Patients (n)	Type of cells	Method of cell transplantation	State	Results	Authors
Clinical study
PHACeT (phase 1) 2010	iPAH	7	eNOS-enhanced endothelial progenitor cells	PA injection	Completed	-Improvement in exercise tolerance - No hemodynamic improvement	Granton et al., 2015
TICAP (phase 1) 2012	Hypoplastic left heart syndrome	14 (7 treated and 7 control)	Cardiosphere derived cells	Direct injection in the right and the left coronary arteries	Completed	- Improved RV function at 36 months after staged cardiac reconstruction	Ishigami et al., 2015
PERSEUS (phase 2) 2018	Hypoplastic left heart syndrome	X	Cardiosphere derived cells	Direct injection in the right and the left coronary arteries	Recruiting	X	Mayo Clinic