Table 6.
Estimated effects of covariates on the likelihood of unintended versus intended birth: Third births (Risk Ratios with Standard Errors in parentheses)
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Reduced (not accounting for heterogeneity) | Full (not accounting for heterogeneity) | Reduced (accounting for heterogeneity) | Full (accounting for heterogeneity) |
| Prior birth intendedness (ref: First and second births intended) | ||||
| First and second birth unintended | 3.91*** (.78) | 3.83*** (.77) | 4.94*** (.28) | 25.63*** (.58) |
| First birth intended, second birth unintended | 2.93*** (.71) | 2.89*** (.71) | 2.89*** (.27) | 2.25*** (.37) |
| First birth unintended, second birth intended | 1.43 (.29) | 1.44 (.28) | 1.78 (.31) | 5.89* (.59) |
| Age | 1.38 (.52) | 1.39 (.53) | 1.29 (.35) | 1.08 (.36) |
| Age-squared | .99 (.01) | .99 (.01) | .99 (.01) | .99 (.01) |
| Age at first birth (ref: 20–25 years) | ||||
| Under 20 years | 1.13 (.19) | 1.15 (.19) | 1.07 (.16) | .88 (.19) |
| Over 25 years | 1.26 (.54) | 1.24 (.53) | 1.43 (.44) | 1.92 (.46) |
| Race (ref: White) | ||||
| Black | 1.31 (.23) | 1.32 (.24) | 1.26 (.17) | 1.04 (.21) |
| Hispanic | 1.13 (.22) | 1.14 (.22) | 1.14 (.19) | 1.22 (.21) |
| Other race | 1.02 (.29) | 1.04 (.29) | .98 (.27) | 1.02 (.30) |
| Mother’s education (ref:missing/did not complete HS) | ||||
| High school graduate | 1.25 (.19) | 1.27 (.21) | 1.14 (.16) | 1.20 (.17) |
| Some college | 1.15 (.23) | 1.17 (.25) | 1.17 (.25) | 1.36 (.24) |
| College graduate | .97 (.23) | .98 (.23) | .95 (.23) | 1.18 (.27) |
| Family background (ref: Biological parents) | ||||
| Step family | 1.20 (.22) | 1.17 (.22) | 1.09 (.19) | .97 (.21) |
| Any other family | 1.02 (.17) | 1.03 (.17) | 1.01 (.16) | .93 (.17) |
| Respondent’s education | ||||
| High school graduate | .97 (.17) | .97 (.17) | 1.02 (.17) | 1.14 (.19) |
| Missing education response | 1.27 (.26) | 1.27 (.27) | 1.25 (.21) | 1.37 (.23) |
| Months since last birth (ref: 24–48 months) | ||||
| 0–23 months | 1.87*** (.31) | 1.88*** (.31) | 1.87*** (.16) | 1.91*** (.17) |
| >48 months | .75 (.14) | .73 (.14) | .76 (.19) | .69 (.21) |
| Union status at birth (ref: not in a coresidential relationship) | ||||
| Married | .30*** (.07) | .30** (.07) | .30*** (.22) | .22*** (.27) |
| Cohabiting | .60* (.13) | .59* (.13) | .59*** (.21) | .53** (.23) |
| Personality characteristics | ||||
| Respondent aspires to attend college | .99 (.05) | 1.08 (.07) | ||
| Conscientious | .94* (.02) | .95 (.02) | ||
| Religiosity (ref: not important at all) | ||||
| Very important | 1.02 (.16) | 1.08 (.17) | ||
| Missing religion response | .81 (.17) | .88 (.24) | ||
| Person-months | 109201 | 109201 | 109201 | 109201 |
| Number of mothers | 914 | 914 | 914 | 914 |
| Log likelihooda | −665,185 | −665,125 | −665,088 | −664,993 |
***
p<0.001,
**
p<0.01,
*
p<.05
Note:
a
The estimated log likelihood is for the full multi-equation model, i.e., including all estimates in Tables 4–6 as well as effects on the contrast of (intended & unintended) births versus no birth.