Fig. 3. Transverse and axial heat transport in nanowood.

(A) Schematic representation of heat conduction along the wood cell walls as axial heat transfer, whereas (B) heat conduction across the cell walls and hollow channels (that is, the lumen and the nanosized pores inside the fibril walls) is referred to as transverse heat transfer. (C) Measured thermal conductivity of the nanowood from room temperature to 65°C. (D) Measured thermal conductivity of the original wood from room temperature to 80°C. (E) Comparison of the thermal conductivity of the natural wood and nanowood at room temperature.