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. 2018 Mar 9;8:4216. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-22578-1

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Schematic representation of two highly populated clusters (respiratory/circulatory). The (a) fifth and (b) fourth most populated clusters extracted for the male sub-population, associated with Table 3 (and Supplementary Table 4). The description of diseases is provided in each node. The nodes are drawn at a size relative to the frequency of appearance of the disease or group of diseases (a minimum node size corresponding to a frequency of 5% has been arbitrarily considered). Shorter and longer trajectories formed by connected nodes are contained in each cluster. Cyclic arrows indicate additional distinct diagnoses belonging to the same group of diseases (repetitions of the same disease are not permitted in a single trajectory). Examples of disease trajectories contained in each cluster are also provided on the bottom-right of the figure panels, together with the corresponding average times (indicated in years below each arrow) and average number of patients involved (shown at the end of each trajectory in parenthesis).