Table 2.

Comparing methodologies: testing outcomes of Proband’s Buccal DNA. The proband’s buccal-derived DNA sample was analyzed with three different molecular genetic testing platforms. Each methodology yielded varying conclusions. Standard STR-based analysis in paternity laboratories excluded the proband from being the child’s father, providing no indication of a more distant blood relationship. The forensic laboratory utilized a more sensitive protocol, and only detected the proband’s major genome. The SNP-based array used by the ancestry testing laboratory identified a second-degree (avuncular) relationship between the proband and child

Paternity testing (15 STRs)	Forensic testing (15 STRs)	Ancestry testing (SNPs)
Exclusion	Major genome detected	Second-degree relationship