. 2017 Nov 14;17(2):559–576. doi: 10.1007/s10237-017-0978-3

Table 4.

Simulated peak and average plantar pressures (MPa) and their percentage changes (%) with respect to (w.r.t.) the baseline values in response to the change in Young’s modulus of the encapsulated soft tissue in ten plantar regions

Plantar region	Young’s modulus of encapsulated soft tissue in MPa (percentage change w.r.t. baseline)
Plantar region	0.92 ( $-$ 20%)	1.035 ( $-$ 10%)	1.15 (baseline)	1.265 ( $+$ 10%)	1.38 ( $+$ 20%)
Peak plantar pressure in MPa (percentage change % w.r.t. baseline)
Heel-medial	0.188 ( $-$ 13.3)	0.199 ( $-$ 8.3)	0.217	0.232 ( $+$ 6.9)	0.271 ( $+$ 24.9)
Heel-lateral	0.164 ( $-$ 8.3)	0.173 ( $-$ 3.4)	0.179	0.193 ( $+$ 7.8)	0.222 ( $+$ 24.0)
Mid-foot	0.058 ( $-$ 7.9)	0.060 ( $-$ 4.8)	0.063	0.072 ( $+$ 14.3)	0.098 ( $+$ 55.6)
Meta 5	0.067 ( $-$ 21.2)	0.078 ( $-$ 8.2)	0.085	0.089 ( $+$ 4.7)	0.096 ( $+$ 12.9)
Meta 4	0.057 ( $-$ 20.8)	0.064 ( $-$ 11.1)	0.072	0.077 ( $+$ 6.9)	0.084 ( $+$ 16.7)
Meta 3	0.041 ( $-$ 22.6)	0.045 ( $-$ 15.1)	0.053	0.061 ( $+$ 15.1)	0.067 ( $+$ 26.4)
Meta 2	0.037 ( $-$ 15.9)	0.041 ( $-$ 6.8)	0.044	0.051 ( $+$ 15.9)	0.062 ( $+$ 40.9)
Meta 1	0.035 ( $-$ 14.6)	0.039 ( $-$ 4.9)	0.041	0.044 ( $+$ 7.3)	0.048 ( $+$ 17.1)
Toes 2–5	0.026 ( $-$ 16.1)	0.029 ( $-$ 6.5)	0.031	0.033 ( $+$ 6.5)	0.041 ( $+$ 32.3)
Toe 1	0.039 ( $-$ 25.0)	0.046 ( $-$ 11.5)	0.052	0.059 ( $+$ 13.5)	0.063 ( $+$ 21.2)
Average plantar pressure in MPa (percentage change % w.r.t. baseline)
Heel-medial	0.154 ( $-$ 15.9)	0.168 ( $-$ 8.2)	0.183	0.198 ( $+$ 8.2)	0.215 ( $+$ 17.5)
Heel-lateral	0.117 ( $-$ 15.2)	0.127 ( $-$ 8.0)	0.138	0.150 ( $+$ 8.7)	0.163 ( $+$ 18.1)
Mid-foot	0.041 ( $-$ 22.6)	0.048 ( $-$ 9.4)	0.053	0.059 ( $+$ 11.3)	0.067 ( $+$ 26.4)
Meta 5	0.058 ( $-$ 10.8)	0.061 ( $-$ 6.2)	0.065	0.070 ( $+$ 7.7)	0.076 ( $+$ 16.9)
Meta 4	0.052 ( $-$ 16.1)	0.057 ( $-$ 8.1)	0.062	0.068 ( $+$ 9.7)	0.074 ( $+$ 19.4)
Meta 3	0.025 ( $-$ 21.9)	0.029 ( $-$ 9.4)	0.032	0.037 ( $+$ 15.6)	0.042 ( $+$ 31.5)
Meta 2	0.024 ( $-$ 25.0)	0.028 ( $-$ 12.5)	0.032	0.035 ( $+$ 9.4)	0.039 ( $+$ 21.9)
Meta 1	0.026 ( $-$ 21.2)	0.030 ( $-$ 9.1)	0.033	0.035 ( $+$ 6.1)	0.040 ( $+$ 21.2)
Toes 2–5	0.015 ( $-$ 28.6)	0.019 ( $-$ 9.5)	0.021	0.024 ( $+$ 14.3)	0.026 ( $+$ 23.8)
Toe 1	0.025 ( $-$ 21.9)	0.029 ( $-$ 9.4)	0.032	0.035 ( $+$ 9.4)	0.039 ( $+$ 21.9)