Table 2.
Childhood-adolescent adversity as bivariate predictors for the onset of depression during the past year
| prevalence | Chi-square test | Odds Ratioe | PARPe | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor | n(w) | %(w)a | SE | %(w)b | SE | %(w)c | SE | X2 | df | P-valued | OR | 95%- | 95%+ | %(w) |
| Parental psychopathology | 308 | 47.6 | 1.9 | 44.7 | 2.1 | 60.8 | 4.4 | 9.03 | 1 | 0.002 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 3.2 | 26.7 |
| Physical abuse | 134 | 20.4 | 1.5 | 19.1 | 1.7 | 25.5 | 4.0 | 2.22 | 1 | 0.139 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 3.1 | 9.3 |
| Emotional abuse | 240 | 37.2 | 1.8 | 31.9 | 2.0 | 57.0 | 4.5 | 23.63 | 1 | <0.001 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 5.0 | 34.3 |
| Sexual abuse | 28 | 4.4 | 0.7 | 3.3 | 0.7 | 9.0 | 2.4 | 7.06 | 1 | 0.006 | 3.0 | 1.3 | 7.1 | 5.2 |
| Neglect | 84 | 12.9 | 1.3 | 10.6 | 1.3 | 22.6 | 3.8 | 11.39 | 1 | 0.001 | 3.4 | 1.9 | 6.0 | 13.0 |
| Bullying victimization | 324 | 50.0 | 1.9 | 45.2 | 2.1 | 70.7 | 4.1 | 22.36 | 1 | <0.001 | 3.0 | 1.9 | 4.8 | 41.3 |
| Dating violence | 102 | 15.7 | 1.3 | 13.8 | 1.4 | 24.6 | 3.8 | 7.75 | 1 | 0.005 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 3.3 | 9.8 |
| Any adverse experience | 484 | 79.4 | 1.6 | 76.4 | 1.8 | 93.6 | 2.4 | 14.52 | 1 | <0.001 | 4.6 | 2.0 | 10.4 | 67.9 |
| No adverse experience | 126 | 20.6 | 1.6 | 23.6 | 1.8 | 6.4 | 2.4 | – | – | – | (ref) | (ref) | (ref) | (ref) |
| Exactly one adverse experience | 165 | 27.1 | 1.7 | 28.5 | 1.9 | 23.4 | 3.9 | – | – | – | 2.9 | 1.2 | 7.0 | 14.1 |
| Exactly two adverse experiences | 126 | 20.6 | 1.6 | 21.2 | 1.8 | 18.5 | 3.6 | – | – | – | 3.5 | 1.4 | 9.0 | 12.1 |
| Three or more adverse experiences | 194 | 31.7 | 1.8 | 26.7 | 1.9 | 51.7 | 4.6 | 28.98 | 3 | <0.001 | 8.0 | 3.4 | 18.8 | 42.3 |
All OR and PARP estimates are adjusted for gender and race. Significant P-values, OR and PARP are indicated in bold (α = 0.05); OR = odds ratio; PARP = population- attributable risk proportion
aThe prevalence of the predictor in the full sample
bThe prevalence of the predictor among those without 12-month depressive symptoms
cThe prevalence of the predictor among those with 12-month depressive symptoms
dUnadjusted for multiple comparison. For multiple test adjusted P-values, see Additional file 1: Table S1
eAdjusted for gender and race