Table 1.
Characteristics of subjects in included studies.
| Studies | Country | Number of participants | Age (year) | Subgroups of HF | Score | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HF | Controls | HF | Controls | ||||
| Sullivan et al., 1979 | USA | 42 | 37 | NA | NA | ICM | 6 |
| Atlihan et al., 1990 (1) | Turkey | 29 | 11 | 2.3 ± 1.5 | 3.1 ± 2.8 | NA | 6 |
| Atlihan et al., 1990 (2) | Turkey | 29 | 11 | 2.3 ± 1.5 | 3.1 ± 2.8 | NA | 6 |
| Oster, 1993 | Germany | 20 | 50 | 53 ± 8 | 50.5 ± 7.2 | IDCM | 8 |
| Golik et al., 1993 (1) | Israel | 9 | 20 | 63.8 ± 6 | 48.7 ± 8 | NA | 8 |
| Golik et al., 1993 (2) | Israel | 15 | 20 | 64.9 ± 5 | 48.7 ± 8 | NA | 8 |
| Cénac et al., 1996 | France | 35 | 36 | NA | NA | NA | 7 |
| De Lorgeril et al., 2001 | France | 21 | 18 | 27–76 | 34–68 | CHF | 7 |
| Topuzoglu et al., 2003 | Turkey | 54 | 20 | 18–75 | 21–73 | IDCM | 6 |
| Kosar et al., 2006 (1) | Turkey | 54 | 30 | 62 ± 10 | 56 ± 8 | CHF | 8 |
| Kosar et al., 2006 (2) | Turkey | 26 | 30 | 62 ± 10 | 56 ± 8 | IDCM | 8 |
| Kosar et al., 2006 (3) | Turkey | 28 | 30 | 62 ± 10 | 56 ± 8 | ICM | 8 |
| Kosar et al., 2006 (4) | Turkey | 24 | 30 | 62 ± 10 | 56 ± 8 | NA | 8 |
| Kosar et al., 2006 (5) | Turkey | 20 | 30 | 62 ± 10 | 56 ± 8 | NA | 8 |
| Kosar et al., 2006 (6) | Turkey | 10 | 30 | 62 ± 10 | 56 ± 8 | NA | 8 |
| Salehifar et al., 2008 (1) | Iran | 18 | 27 | 49.06 ± 8.88 | 42.30 ± 8.99 | IDCM | 8 |
| Salehifar et al., 2008 (2) | Iran | 3 | 27 | 49.06 ± 8.88 | 42.30 ± 8.99 | IDCM | 8 |
| Salehifar et al., 2008 (3) | Iran | 4 | 27 | 49.06 ± 8.88 | 42.30 ± 8.99 | IDCM | 8 |
| Salehifar et al., 2008 (4) | Iran | 9 | 27 | 49.06 ± 8.88 | 42.30 ± 8.99 | IDCM | 8 |
| Salehifar et al., 2008 (5) | Iran | 2 | 27 | 49.06 ± 8.88 | 42.30 ± 8.99 | IDCM | 8 |
| Shokrzadeh et al., 2009 (1) | Iran | 30 | 27 | 57.17 ± 8.88 | 42.3 ± 8.99 | ICM | 7 |
| Shokrzadeh et al., 2009 (2) | Iran | 17 | 27 | 57.17 ± 8.88 | 42.3 ± 8.99 | ICM | 7 |
| Shokrzadeh et al., 2009 (3) | Iran | 10 | 27 | 57.17 ± 8.88 | 42.3 ± 8.99 | ICM | 7 |
| Ghaemian et al., 2011 (1) | Turkey | 38 | 40 | 70.1 ± 9.2 | 64.9 ± 4.7 | NA | 8 |
| Ghaemian et al., 2011 (2) | Turkey | 40 | 40 | 66.7 ± 11.5 | 64.9 ± 4.7 | NA | 8 |
| Alexanian et al., 2014 (1) | Greece | 81 | 21 | 69.22 ± 11.09 | 57.0 ± 19.11 | NA | 8 |
| Alexanian et al., 2014 (2) | Greece | 44 | 21 | 67.50 ± 11.17 | 57.0 ± 19.11 | NA | 8 |