Table 1.

Factors associated with nonadherence in human medicine from Jin et al. (3), Martin et al. (4), and Vermeire et al. (5).

Cause category	Cause of nonadherence
Communication	Poor communication
	Lack of patient involvement in decision making
	Duration and frequency of interaction with doctor
	Ignorance of nature of the disease and treatments
Treatment Program	Complexity of treatment
	Degree of behavioral change required
	Physical difficulties
	Treatment duration
	Time constraints
	Treatment cost
	Number of medications
	Features of a disease
	Clinical setting
	Side effects
Doctor	Doctor’s attitude and empathy toward the patient
	Doctor–patient relationship
	Doctor’s interpersonal skills
Patient	Patient attitudes, beliefs, and group norms
	Cultural variations
	Patient’s beliefs about medicine
	Patient cognitive ability
	Psychiatric disorders
	Demographic variables (age, sex, social class, etc.)