FIGURE 10.
A schematic model for H2S-mediated improvement of root elongation in the face of Al toxicity in rice. Pretreatment with NaHS significantly decreased the cell wall Al content via decreasing the cell wall pectin and hemicellulose content and the activity of PME, and increasing the secretion of citrate acid and the expression of OsSTAR1 and OsSTAR2. The pretreatment with NaHS also significantly decreased the translocation of Al from the environment to the cell cytoplasm and promoted its detoxification via increasing the activity of antioxidative enzymes as well as Al transfer from the cytoplasm to the vacuole. The red arrow in the figure denotes increased or enhanced processes, the green arrow in the figure denotes decreased or weakened processes.