Table 1. Summary of patient cohorts.

Characteristic	Training cohort		Prospective Cohort		Total
	Malignant	Benign	Malignant	Benign
Total cases	22	10	82	21	135
Subtypes
PDAC untreated	13	-	22	-	35
PDAC neoadjuvant tx	9	-	24	-	33
IPMN inter/high grade	-	-	13	-	13
NET	-	-	12	-	12
Other cancer	-	-	11	-	11
Benign cystic tumor	-	-	-	5	5
Pancreatitis	-	-	-	8	8
Controls	-	10	-	8	18
Age
Median	68	48	65	57	63
Range	47–88	23–82	17–84	19–91	17–91
Sex
Male	8	4	47	14	73
Female	14	1	40	14	69
CA19-9
PDAC untreated	1148 (1–6684)	-	1,006 (1–10,625)	-	1064 (1–10,625)
PDAC neoadjuvant tx	2258 (19–17,101)	-	657 (4–7,730)	-	1175 (4–17,101)
IPMN	-	-	10.6 (1–26)	-	10.6 (1–26)
CEA
PDAC untreated	7.0 (2–12)	-	3.4 (0.6–22.1)	-	5.0 (0.6–22.1)
PDAC neoadjuvant tx	11.0 (1–53)	-	56.4 (0.7–1003)	-	40 (0.7–1003)
IPMN	-	-	2.1 (0.7–3.3)	-	2.1 (0.7–3.3)
Stage
I	0	-	10	-	10
II	1	-	42	-	43
III	5	-	5	-	10
IV	16	-	10	-	26
Co-therapies PDAC
Folforinox/XRT	4	-	21	-	25
Gemcitabine	5	-	1	-	6
Other	-	-	2	-	2